Positioning test 1

Question 1

what is the distance for a PA chest

Answer 1

72 inches

Question 2

what is the central ray for PA chest

Answer 2

0 degrees/ perpendicular to IR

Question 3

for PA chest what level do you need to be at

Answer 3

The level of T7

Question 4

For a PA chest how many inches above should the top of the casette be to the shoulders

Answer 4

1 1/2 to 2 inches

Question 5

breathing technique for PA Chest

Answer 5

two breaths in, exposure taken on second deep inspiration

Question 6

pt position for PA chest

Answer 6

Shoulders rolled forard to get scapula out of the lung field, chin up

Question 7

Why is a PA chest projection done?

Answer 7

Because the heart is closer to the IR (sits more anterior than posterior) to decrease magnification.

Question 8

What should be included in a chest xray to make it a good xray?

Answer 8

10 posterior ribs
Apices (top of lungs)
Costophrenic angles (bottom of ribs)
Heart shadow
Trachea
Carina
Right Bronchioles (shorter, wider, more vertical, easier for foreign body objects to get stuck)
Left Bronchioles
No rotation (SC joints equal, Ribs look equal)

Question 9

what seperates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

Answer 9

diaphragm

Question 10

determines the shape , position, and movement of the interal oragns.

Answer 10

Body habitus
sthenic- average
hypersthenic- larger build
asthenic- very slender
hyposthenic- slender

Question 11

what is each lung enclosed by

Answer 11

a double walled membrane sac called the pleura
inner layer - visceral pleura
outer layer- parietal pleura

Question 12

what does the pleura cavity allow:

Answer 12

expansion of the lungs

Question 13

what does the medistinum consist of

Answer 13

Trachea, esophagus, greater vessels, Heart, Thymus, Nerves, Lymphatics, Fat

Question 14

seperates pleural cavities, contains all the thoracic structures except the lungs and pleurae.

Answer 14

Mediastinum

Question 15

Trachea bifurcates at the:

Answer 15

Carina

Question 16

Trachea is more anterior or posterior to the esophagus

Answer 16

anterior

Question 17

what primary bronchus is shorter, wider and more vertical

Answer 17

Right primary bronchus

Question 18

which bronchus is more likely for a foreign body object to get stuck

Answer 18

Right primary bronchus

Question 19

where does oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange happen

Answer 19

alveolar sacs

Question 20

difference in body habitus for chest xray

Answer 20

Hypersthenic (heavier) diaphragm becomes broader (flattens), heart shape broader

Question 21

what is the distance for supine chest

Answer 21

72 inches

Question 22

breathing technique for PA chest

Answer 22

2 breaths in, exposure taken on second deep inspiration

Question 23

what are we centering at and how many inches should the casette be above the shoulders

Answer 23

T7
1 1/2 - 2 inches

Question 24

what is the CR for supine chest

Answer 24

0 degrees / perpendicular to IR distance

Question 25

distance for lateral chest

Answer 25

72 inches

Question 26

CR for lateral chest

Answer 26

0 degrees/ perpendicular

Question 27

if a lateral chest is being done what side we do

Answer 27

left lateral

Question 28

what are we centering at for lateral chest

Answer 28

T7

Question 29

breathing technique for later chest

Answer 29

2 breaths, exposure taken on second deep inspiration

Question 30

which lung is shorter

Answer 30

the right lung because of the liver

Question 31

arm position for lateral chest

Answer 31

arms should be more than 90 degrees above

Question 32

what should you be able to see on the later chest

Answer 32

Apices, costophrenic angles, posterior ribs superimposed, hilum, manubrium

Question 33

how many lobes does the lung have on the right

Answer 33

3 lobes

Question 34

how many lobes does the lung have on the left

Answer 34

2 lobes

Question 35

structures of the medistinum

Answer 35

Trachea, esophagus, greater vessels, Heart, Thymus, Nerves, Lymphatics, Fat

Question 36

is a hooklike process on the last cartilage

Answer 36

carina

Question 37

organs of respiration

Answer 37

lungs

Question 38

cavity that contains heart and lungs

Answer 38

thoracic

Question 39

which body structure forms the anterior border of the medistinum

Answer 39

sternum

Question 40

which medistinal structure consists of a c shape cartiaginous rings

Answer 40

trachea

Question 41

which area of the trachea divides into two lesser tubes

Answer 41

carina

Question 42

during inspiration lungs move:

Answer 42

inferiorly

Question 43

during expiration lungs move:

Answer 43

superiorly

Question 44

what is the name of the superior portion of each lung

Answer 44

apex

Question 45

what is the area of primary interest in a lordadic positiom

Answer 45

apices

Question 46

why should chest images be performed with a 72 inches SID

Answer 46

to minimize megnification of the heart

Question 47

why should chest images be performed after the pt has suspended respiration after the second inspiration

Answer 47

to expand the lungs better

Question 48

what does decubitus demonstrate

Answer 48

air or fluid levels

Question 49

another name for Limbolm method

Answer 49

lordotic or AP axial

Question 50

how to position patient for lordotic

Answer 50

One step forward, lean back

Question 51

if a pt. cant lean back for the lordotic what will you do

Answer 51

angle 15- 20 degrees

Question 52

what is the CR for lordotic

Answer 52

0 degrees/ perpendicular as long as the pt can lean back

Question 53

what do we want to see in lordoctic chest

Answer 53

APICES - trying to get clavicles off of apices

Question 54

how many degrees for an oblique chest

Answer 54

45 degrees

Question 55

what is the distance for oblique chest

Answer 55

72

Question 56

what are we centering at for oblique chest

Answer 56

T7

Question 57

breathing technique for oblique chest

Answer 57

two breaths

Question 58

which lung is being best demonstrated for oblique chest

Answer 58

RAO or LAO – side up LPO or RPO – side down

Question 59

how long should the pt wait in a decub position

Answer 59

5 minutes

Question 60

distnace for decub chest

Answer 60

72 inches

Question 61

if laying down where does the air and fluid go

Answer 61

fluid goes down air goes up

Question 62

what do you want to see in decub chest

Answer 62

equal ribs, 10 posterior

Question 63

what are we centering at for decub chest

Answer 63

T7

Question 64

for chest RAO demonstrates

Answer 64

left lung

Question 65

for chest LAO demonstrates

Answer 65

right lung

Question 66

RAO=

Answer 66

LPO

Question 67

LAO=

Answer 67

RPO

Question 68

Decubitus is mainly to see:

Answer 68

Pleurasie

Question 69

position used for barium cardiac series

Answer 69

55 to 60 degree oblique position

Question 70

sternum is (blank) in lateral chest

Answer 70

profile

Question 71

3 parts of the sternum

Answer 71

manubrium body xiphoid

Question 72

bony thorax is formed by

Answer 72

sternum 12 pairs of ribs 12 thoracic vertebrae

Question 73

functions of bony thorax

Answer 73

protects heart and lungs

Question 74

position for upper ribs

Answer 74

standing

Question 75

position for lower ribs

Answer 75

laying down

Question 76

true or false standing is not essential for ribs

Answer 76

true

Question 77

breathing technique for upper ribs

Answer 77

inspiration, to lower diaphragm

Question 78

distance for ribs

Answer 78

40 inches

Question 79

CR for ribs

Answer 79

0 degrees/ perpendicular

Question 80

true ribs

Answer 80

1-7, attach directly to sternum

Question 81

false ribs

Answer 81

8 - 12, attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilage

Question 82

floating ribs

Answer 82

11-12, attach only to vertebra

Question 83

anterior portions of the ribs compared to the posterior

Answer 83

Anterior portion compared to posterior lies 3 to 5 inferior to the posterior

Question 84

Heads articulate with vertebral bodies

Answer 84

costovetebral joints

Question 85

Tubericles articulate with Tspine transverse processes

Answer 85

costotransverse joints

Question 86

How do I visualize axillary portion of the ribs

Answer 86

Oblique 45 degrees

Question 87

space inbetween ribs

Answer 87

intercostal space

Question 88

`typical rib consists of

Answer 88

head, neck, tubericle, body

Question 89

distance for sternum PA oblique RAO

Answer 89

30-40 inches

Question 90

essential for sternum

Answer 90

PA oblique RAO

Question 91

rotation for sternum PA oblique RAO

Answer 91

15-20 degree to take sternum of of spine

Question 92

the thicker the person the less we rotate, the thinner the (blank) we rotate

Answer 92

more

Question 93

what are we centering for sternum

Answer 93

mid sternum

Question 94

true or fasle for sternum it does not matter whether we are standing or laying down

Answer 94

true

Question 95

centeral ray for PA. oblique rao

Answer 95

0 degrees/ perpendicular

Question 96

top of the manubrium is the most (blank) portion of the sternum

Answer 96

superior

Question 97

why do we do an rao of sternum

Answer 97

to put sternum over heart

Question 98

breathing technique for sternum

Answer 98

shallow, blur the ribs and lung markings

Question 99

if we cant do an RAO we do an:

Answer 99

LPO

Question 100

distance for lateral sternum

Answer 100

72 inches

Question 101

what do we do with the arms in lateral sternum

Answer 101

roll shoulders back, hands back locked in together, chin up , chest out , head up, inspiration

Question 102

breathing technique for lateral sternum

Answer 102

inspiration

Question 103

where should the top border of the IR be positioned for the lateral projection of the sternum

Answer 103

1 1/2 inches above the jugular notch