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Spine and Pelvis > Thoracic Spine > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thoracic spine’s normal curvature?

A

Kyphosis

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2
Q

True or false: Most thoracic spines have some right convexity

A

True - accommodating the heart

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3
Q

What percentage of the spinal cord does the thoracic spine house?

A

75% - ends at t12/l1

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4
Q

True or false: Thoracic spine provides most of the sympathetic nervous system

A

True - parasympathetic is above and below

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5
Q

What composes the thoracic cage?

A

12 vertebrae; 12 pairs of ribs, sternum

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6
Q

What is unique about the thoracic vertebral facets?

A

Articulation with ribs

Costal Facets/Demi facets

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7
Q

Where are the costal facets/demi facets located?

A

TP and VB

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8
Q

What is spinous process imbrication in the thoracic spine?

A

The overlapping of spinous processes

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9
Q

True or false: Thoracic spinous processes are the longest

A

True

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10
Q

What is the level of imbrication?

A

T5-T8

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11
Q

True or false: Thoracic IVF and central canal are the smallest

A

True - stenosis(narrowing) considerations

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12
Q

What is the typical shape of the thoracic vertebral body?

A

Heart shaped - more rectangular in upper - more kidney bean in lower

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13
Q

True or false: Typical thoracic surface is concave

A

True

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14
Q

How many facets on a thoracic vertebra?

A

10

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15
Q

How many processes on a thoracic vertebra?

A

7

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16
Q

True or false: t2-t9 are typical thoracic segments

A

True

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17
Q

What is the difference in height between the anterior and posterior vertebral body?

A

1-2mm shorter anteriorly

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18
Q

From where do the thoracic pedicles originate?

A

Upper 1/3 of vertebral body

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19
Q

True or false: the thoracic pedicles are notched inferiorly

A

True

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20
Q

How are thoracic pedicles oriented differently than lumbar and cervical pedicles?

A

Thoracic pedicles project straight back from the vertebral body (look for pedicle shadows)

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21
Q

True or false: Superior articular process and inferior articular process are thin and oval

A

True

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22
Q

True or false: Superior articular process and inferior articular process project from the pars interarticularis

A

True

23
Q

What direction does the superior articular process facet face in a thoracic vertebra?

A

Superior, posterior, slight lateral

24
Q

What direction does the inferior articular process facet face in a thoracic vertebra?

A

Inferior, anterior, slight medial

25
Q

What angle to the horizontal plane does the joint of the SAP and IAP form?

A

60 degrees to the horizontal

26
Q

Describe the thoracic laminae

A

Thick, broad, imbricated

27
Q

Describe an interlaminar space

A

The space seen only on an X-ray between the lamina of two vertebrae

28
Q

What is the typical shape of an interlaminar space in the thoracic spine?

A

Kidney bean shape

29
Q

What is typical shape of an interlaminar space in the lumber spine?

A

Oval shape

30
Q

Describe the transverse processes of thoracic vertebra

A

Originating at the pars
Thick - club like
Decreasing in size t1-t12
With oval facets articulate with rib tubercle

31
Q

What is the level of imbrication of the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebra?

A

T5-t8 (important for adjusting)

32
Q

Which thoracic vertebra are considered atypical?

A

T1, t9-12

33
Q

In what ways is t1 an atypical vertebra?

A

Body is more rectangular (similar to cervical)
Full costal facet on posterior/superior body (Rib one only contacts t1)
Spinous process is anticlinal

34
Q

In what ways are T9/T10 atypical vertebra?

A

Full costal facets on the body (rib articulating with just one VB)
Costal facets are shift posteriorly as well

35
Q

In what ways are t11/t12 atypical vertebra?

A

Costal facets are on pedicles
Rib articulates with only one facet
TP no longer has facets

36
Q

True or false: Superior articular processes of t12 is typical while the inferior articular processes are atypical

A

True

37
Q

Describe how the inferior articular processes of t12 are atypical

A

Face anterior and lateral

Tend to be rounded and convex

38
Q

Which thoracic spinous processes are anticlinal?

A

T1 and t11

39
Q

What is meant by the critical zone in the thoracic spine?

A

Smallest spinal canal from t4-t9

40
Q

True or false: ribs angle inferiorly from the spine as they move anteriorly

A

True

41
Q

Which ribs connect directly to the sternum with their own costal cartilage?

A

Ribs 1-7

42
Q

Which ribs joint other costal cartilage to connect to the sternum?

A

Ribs 8-10

43
Q

Which rib is the longest?

A

Rib 7

44
Q

Which ribs do not connect to the sternum at all?

A

Ribs 11-12

45
Q

Which ribs are true ribs?

A

Ribs 1-7

46
Q

Which ribs are false ribs?

A

Ribs 8-12

47
Q

True or false: ribs increase in length from rib 1-7 and decrease in length from 8-12

A

True

48
Q

What occurs at the angle of the rib?

A

The rib begins to flatten

49
Q

Which ribs are vertebrosternal ribs?

A

Ribs 1-7

50
Q

Which ribs are vertebrochondral ribs?

A

Ribs 8-10

51
Q

Which ribs are floating/vertebral ribs?

A

Ribs 11-12

52
Q

What type of cartilage is costal cartilage?

A

Hyaline cartilage

53
Q

True or false: costal cartilage tends to calcify and it’s no big deal

A

True

Spine and Pelvis (10 decks)

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