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Spine and Pelvis > Discs And Nerve Roots > Flashcards

Discs And Nerve Roots Flashcards

1
Q

How many discs of the spine?

A

23

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2
Q

How many osseous structures of the spine of an adult?

A

26

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3
Q

Where are there no discs?

A

Occiput/c1
C1/2
Sacrum/coccyx

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4
Q

What is the annulus fibrosus?

A

Outer circumference of IVD

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5
Q

What is the nucleus pulposis?

A

Inner portion of the IVD

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6
Q

Of what structure is the nucleus pulposis a remnant?

A

Notochord

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7
Q

What do the endplates of the vertebral bodies create?

A

Floor and ceiling on either side of the IVD

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8
Q

True or false: pressure on the disc increases pressure within the nucleus pulposis, exerting pressure radially into annulus fibrosus

A

True

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9
Q

True or false: tension of annulus is extorted back onto the nucleus pulposis

A

True

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10
Q

What helps maintain hydration of discs?

A

Proteoglycans

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11
Q

What are attached to and surround collagen fibrils in the intervertebral discs?

A

Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans

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12
Q

What is disc desiccation?

A

Dehydration of the discs

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13
Q

True or false: dehydration of a disc leads to altered biomechanics and contributes to further degeneration

A

True

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14
Q

What is the difference between a disc bulge and a disc herniation?

A

Disc bulge - involves more than 25% of circumference

Disc herniation - involves less than 25% of circumference

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15
Q

What is a diffuse annular bulge?

A

Bulge of the entire circumference of an intervertebral disc

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16
Q

What is the definition of a protrusion/Herniation?

A

Less than 25% of circumference of disc and base of herniation is wider than outward extent
*annulus fibers not completely torn

17
Q

What is the definition of an extrusion/herniation?

A

Nucleus pulposis extends through torn annulus fibers

*outward extension is greater than width of base of herniation

18
Q

What is a sequestered disc fragment?

A

Nucleus pulposis separates from parent disc *may extend up or down within central canal

19
Q

What is an annular fissure?

A

Tear that extends circumferentially along portion of annulus fibrosus

20
Q

True or false: we can image pain

A

FALSE

21
Q

Why do disc herniation hurt?

A

Mechanical pressure on nerve roots

Chemical irrigation by inflammatory mediators

22
Q

Which nerve root is at the level of c4?

A

C4 nerve root

23
Q

Which nerve root will most likely be effected with a herniation at c4/5?

A

C5

24
Q

Which nerve root would most likely be effected with a herniation at L4/5?

A

L5

Spine and Pelvis (10 decks)

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