Thoracic Region-Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 Flashcards
Which thoracic regions are considered to be atypical thoracics?
T1,T9-T12
Waht features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmentalgroups?
the vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process
What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?
triangular
On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T5-T8 group?
the left side of the vertebral body will be flattened, the right side convex
What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?
the aortic impression
What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?
the left superior and inferior epiphyseal rims
What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?
the psoterior height is great than the anterior height by one to two millimeters
What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?
the vertebral body height differences
In therms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebralcolumn, what directionwill the thoracic spine face?
posterior
What is anothe away of naming a posterior curve pattern?
kyphotic curve
What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (aphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
four
How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
two
How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
typically four are identified (as many as eight if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments included)
How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?
costocentral joint
How many costocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
four
Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?
the superior costal demi-facet
What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?
the costocentral joint or ribs
What ligaments support the costocentral joints?
the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costocenteral interarticular or intra-articular disc
The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament will attach to which segement(s) at the T3 spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
the vertebral body of T3 and the vertebral boyd of T4
Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertrbal body of T2 or T3?
the longus colli
Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?
the lateral view
What is overap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?
shingling
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?
oval to circular
In which plane willthe size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?
the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter
What are the osseous parts of the costotranvserse joint?
the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib
What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?
the superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments
Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?
longissimus thoracis, cervicis, and capitis, semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis, multifidus, rotator longus and brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and brevis
How can you distinguish between a T2-T4 from a T5-T8 segment using the articular process?
at T2-T4 the width between the superiorarticular processes is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra
at T5-T8 the width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
the face backward, upward and lateral (BUL)
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
the face forward, medial and downward (ForMeD)
How many synovial joints are presenet at a typical thoracic?
ten
How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?
six
What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?
imbrication
What is imbrication?
the overlap of spinous processes
Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?
T5-T8
Which thoracic whas the longest spinous process?
T8
WHat is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region?
the undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degress from the horizontal plane
the undersurface of T5-8 spinous processes will angles up to sixty degress from the horizontal plane
Which muscles will attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?
trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, rotator longus, rotator brevis, and interspinalis
