Sacrum Flashcards
What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?
the anterior two-thirds
The costal element and true transverse process of the sacrum unite to form what feature?
the sacral ala
How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the first sacral vertebral body?
four
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?
five
What muscle(s) may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?
psoas major
What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?
the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1
What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?
backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave
What is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior aricular proess?
mammillary process
From the anterior view, the intervertebral discs of the sacrum will be replaced by what features?
transverse ridges
An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of the sacrum is identified as the
median sacral crest
What forms the median sacral crest?
fused spinous processes and their spinous tubercles
What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the fifth lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spina bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?
knife clasp syndrome
An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?
intermediate sacral crest
What forms the intermediate sacral crest?
fused articular processes and their facets
What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?
the mammillary process of S1 and the sacral cornu of S5
What does the sacral cornu represent?
the inferior articular process and facet of S5
What is the remnant of the inferior articular process and facet of S5?
the sacral cornu
What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?
the sacral hiatus
What forms the lateral sacral crest?
the fused transverse processes and transverse tubercles from S1-S5
What is the sacral tuberosity?
the enlarged transverse tubercle of S2
What is the name of the joint formed the sacral tuberosity?
the accessory sacro-iliac joint
What muscle is said to attach to the dorsal surface of sacrum?
iliacus
What features is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?
auricular surface
What features does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rum of S1 form?
the sacral promontory
The continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?
the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
What forms the posterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
sacral cornu, coccygeal cornu, superficial posterior scarococcygeal ligament and intercornual ligament
What forms the anterior boundary for the fifth sacral spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?
vertebral body S5, vertebral body of Co1, deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament and intervetbral disc
What is the homolog for the posterior longitudinal ligament at S5?
deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
What is the homolog for the anterior longitudinal ligament at S5?
anterior sacrococcygeal ligament
What forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?
the union of the superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments
What ligament is formed by the union of the superficial posterior sacococcygeal and the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments at Co1?
the posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
What ligament is a homolog of the intertransverse ligament at S5?
lateral sacrococcygeal ligament
Waht ligament divides the sciatic foramen into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?
sacrospinous ligament
Which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of the sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
sacrotuberous ligament
Which ligament represents a thickening of the fibrous capsule of the sacro-iliac joint?
anterior sacro-iliac ligament
Which ligament is the strongest of the sacro-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?
interosseous scaro-iliac ligament
Which ligament will attach the intermediate sacral crest of S1, lateral sacral crest of S2 to the posterior superior iliac spine?
short posterior sacro-illiac ligaments
Which ligament attach the lateral sacral crest of S3 and S4 to the posteior superior ilaiac spine?
long posterior sacro-iliac ligament
What is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?
intercornual ligament
