Thoracic region Flashcards
What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental processes
The vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process
What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view
Triangular
On cranial view what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T5-T8
the left side of the vertebral body will be flattened, the right side convex
WHat is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8
the aortic impression
What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8
the left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims
What is the height pattern of intervertebral disc in the typical thoracic region
The intervertebral disc are rather planar or flat with no apparent height difference between anterior and posterior heights
What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine
the vertebral body height difference
What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern
A kyphotic curve
What joint classifications are identified at the veretebral body of a typical thoracic
Fibrous syndesmosis
Cartilaginous symphysis
Synovial plane
How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
Four
How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
two
How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoacic
Typically ten
14 is the costocentral + Stellate ligaments are included*
What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib
Costocentral joint
How many costocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
Four
Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger
The superior costal demi-facet
What features will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics
The costocentral joint of ribs
What ligaments support the costocentral joint
The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament
What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticualr ligament connect to
The interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc
What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface
the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface
Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3
The longus coli
What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body
The pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally
What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region
ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane
Which x-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic
the lateral view
What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region
Shingling
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region
Oval or Circular
In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest
The transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter
What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint
The transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib
What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic
Superior costotransverse
inferior transverse
lateral costotransverse
Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic
longissimus thoracic longissimus cervicis longissimus capitis semispinalis thoracic semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis intertransversarii levator costarum longus levator costarum brevis
How can you distinguish the difference between T2-T4 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process
T2-T4 the width between superior articular process is greater than the width between the inferior articular process
T5-T8: The width between superior articular process is the same as the width between the inferior articular process
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic
They face backward, upward, lateral (BUL)
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic
They face forward, downward and medial (ForMeD)
How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic
Ten
How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic
six
Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic
Two superior costal demi-facets
two inferior costal-demi facets
Two transverse costal facets
What is the name given to the overlap of spinous process in the thoracic region
Imbrication
Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics
T5-T8
Which thoracic has the longest spinous process
T8
What is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region
The undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane
The undersurface of T5-T8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane
Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic
The trapezius Latissimus dorsi rhomboid major serratus posterior superior splenius cervicis splenius thoracics spinalis cervicis spinalis capitis semispinalis thoracis multifidis rotator longus rotator brevis interspinalis
