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CPR Exam 1 > Thoracic Osteology, Arthology and Myology > Flashcards

Thoracic Osteology, Arthology and Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the contents of the Superior Thoracic Aperature

A

Trachea Esophagus, plus the nerves and vessels that supply and drain the head, neck and upper extremities

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2
Q

WHat are the contents of the inferior thoracic aperature

A

Esophagus, inferior vena cava, Aorta

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3
Q

what are the three primary divisions of the Thoracic cavity

A

Two pulmonary cavities containing the lungs and the pleurae

Mediastinum: contains the heart, thoracic great vessels, trachea, thoracic esophagus and thymus

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4
Q

What are the three parts of the sternum and what ribs attach to each part

A

Manubrium of the sternum:
-has the 1st and half of the 2nd rib

Body of the sternum:
-has half the 2nd and 3-6 and half the 7th rib

  • Xiphoid process of the sternum
  • half the 7th rib
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5
Q

what are the three types of ribs and what numbers are they

A

True (Vertebrocostal ribs: 1-7 and connect from the vertebral segments to the sternum via their own costal cartilage

False (Vertebrochondral) ribs: 8-10 and connect from vertebral segments to join the costal cartilage immediately superior to that segment

FLoating (Vertebral) ribs: 11-12 dont attach to the sternum

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6
Q

What are the components of a typical rib and what numbers are they

A

3-9

head: superior and inferior articular facet, and crest of the head

Neck

Tubercle: has a articular facet and a spot for a ligament attachment of the lateral costotransverse ligament

Body: Costal groove housing intercostal nerves and vessels
costal angle (anterolateral turning point
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7
Q

Atypical ribs characteristics: First rib

A

Broad flat and wide

head only has a single facet

Scalene tubercle for the anterior scalene muscle

Groove for the subclavian A (superior aspect and posterior to the groove of the subclavian V)

Groove for the subclavian V which is superior aspect and anterior to the groove for the subclavian N

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8
Q

Atypical ribs characteristics: Second rib

A

has Tuberosity of serratus anterior M (insertion for the serratus anterior M)

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9
Q

Atypical ribs characteristics: 10th rib

A

Head possesses only a single facet

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10
Q

Atypical ribs characteristics: 11th rib

A

doesnt attach to sternum (floating rib)

Head only has a single facet
no tubercle
no neck

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11
Q

Atypical ribs characteristics: 12th rib

A

Short does not attach to sternum (Floating rib)

Head only has a single facet
no tubercle
no neck

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12
Q

Where is the most common spot for rib fractures

A

in the middle of ribs at their weakest locus just anterior to the costal angle

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13
Q

What are supernumerary ribs

A

Extra ribs in the cervical or lumbar region

  • lead to neural and circulatory problems (thoracic outlet issues)
  • lead to issues with diagnostic images
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14
Q

What parts does a single rib articulate with

A

will articulate with same number vertebrae and transverse proccss and the number above vertebral body

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15
Q

What are the three types of joints and what makes them different

A

Synovial joint: Diarthrosis, united by an articular capsule

Fibrous joint: Synarthrosis, united by fibrous tissue

Cartilaginous joint: Amphiarthrosis: United by hyaline cartilage or fibrous cartilage

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16
Q

What are the joints of the sternum and what are their types

A

Manubriosternal

  • symphysis joint, slightly moveable joint connected by fibrocartilage
  • sternal angle of Louis
  • 2nd costal notch

Xiphisternal

  • Synchondrosis, temporary cartilagenous union of hyaline cartilage
  • 7th costal notch
17
Q

What are the ligaments and joint types of the sternocostal joints

A

Junction of costal cartilages with sternum
Rib 1: Synchondrosis:temporary cartilagenous union of hyaline cartilage

Rib 2-7 (synovial planar, gliding joint

  • Anterior radiate sternocostal L
  • Posterior radiate sternocostal L
18
Q

What are the ligaments and joint types of the costovertebral joints

A

Synovial Planar: gliding joint

  • Radiate L (head of the rib to vertebral body)
  • Intraarticular L (head of the rib to the intervertebral disc)
  • Articular capsule
19
Q

What are the ligaments and joint types of the Costotransverse joint

A

Synovial planar, gliding only

  • Lateral costotransverse L (tubercle of the rib to the transverse process)
  • Superior costotransverse L (neck of the rib to the transverse process one vertebral segment superiorly
20
Q

What are the two forms of movement at the costovertebral joint and what are their functions

A

Bucket handle movement: elevation of the lateral most portion of the rib, increasing the transverse diameter of the thorax

Pump handle movement: elevation of the sternal end of the rib, increasing the anterior to posterior diameter of the thorax

21
Q

What are the ligaments and type of joints of the Costochondral joint

A

articulation between the ribs and the costal cartilages

-Synchondrosis; temporary cartilagenous union of hyaline cartilage

22
Q

What is the difference between dislocation and seperation of a rib

A

dislocation refers to a dislocation at the sternocostal joint

seperation of rib refers to seperate at the costochondral joint

23
Q

What are the ligaments and type of joints of the interchondral joint

A

Between 6/7, 7/8, 8/9 costal cartilages
Planar synovial
interchondral ligament

Between 9/10 costal cartilages is the fibrous joint

24
Q

External Intercostal M direction and function and INN

and where is the membrane

A

muscle goes Posterior to anterior

will turn into the Anterior Intercostal membrane (in the anterior part of the rib cage

INN: Intercostal Nerves

will elevate the ribs

most superficial of musces

25
Q

Internal Intercostal M direction and function and INN and where is the membrane

A

Muscle goes anterior to Posterior

will turn into the Posterior intercostal membrane (in the posterior part of the rib cage)

INN: intercostal N

Will depress ribs

middle muscle

26
Q

Innermost Intercostal M INN and function

A

most deep muscle, can tell by the nerve bundle running inbetween the innermost intercostal muscle and the internal untercostal muscle

Probably depress ribs

INN: intercostal N

27
Q

Thoracentesis

A

insertion of a hypodermic needle through the intercostal musculature between ribs to obtain fluid sample to drain small amounts of fluid from the Pleural cavity

needle is inserted between ribs inferior to the intercostal neurovascular bundle but superior to the collateral branches

28
Q

Insertion of chest tube

A

insertion of a tube to remove large amounts of air, fluid, blood, or pus from the pleural cavity

typically inserted in the 5th or 6th intercostal space

29
Q

THoroscopy

A

Insertion of a thoroscope into the pleural cavity through small incisions for visualizing and biopsying the space inside the Pleural cavity

30
Q

Thransverse THoracic M action and attachment

A

posterior surface of the lower sternum and xiphoid process and binds on to the 2nd-6th rib

depresses ribs

innervated my intercostal N

31
Q

Subcostal M action

A

acts similar to the internal intercostal M and depresses the ribs

Inn by the intercostal N

look similar to internal intercostal M but travel 1 to 2 rib segments

CPR Exam 1 (26 decks)

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