THORACIC OSCE

Question 1

What’s the anterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 1

Anterior longitudinal ligament runs down the anterior surface of the spine, transversus all of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs on their ventral side, stabilises the spine

Question 2

What’s the posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 2

Posterior longitudinal ligament long and located posterior to the vertbral bodies and intervertebral discs, extends from back of sacrum and gradually broadens

Question 3

What’s ligamentum flavum

Answer 3

Ligamentum flavum short but thick ligament connects laminae of adjacent vertebrae from c2-s1, preserves upright posture and assists vertebral column in resuming shape after flexion

Question 4

What’s the rectus sheaf

Answer 4

Rectus sheaf complex and formation differs at levels, antero lateral abdominal wall, anterior layer is external and internal obliques,posterior layer is internal obliques and transversus abdominis layers interlace at mid line which is the linea Alba

Question 5

What’s the thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 5

Thoracolumbar fascia part of the posterior abdominal wall, which also includes psoas major, iliacus, quadratus lumborum, superficial to erector spinae and attachés spinous processes

Question 6

What joints to include in the thoracic spine

Answer 6

Facet joints
Intervertebral joints
Costovertebral
Costotransverse

Question 7

What muscles to include in the thoracic spine

Answer 7

Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
The obliques
Quadratus lumborum

Question 8

Origins and insertions for rectus abdominis

Answer 8

Origins: 5-7 th ribs and their ccs, xiphoïde process
Insertions: pubic symphysis, pubic crest
NS: anterior. Rami T6-T12

Question 9

Origins and insertions for transversus abdominis

Answer 9

7th-12th ribs and their ccs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament
Insertions: pectin pubis, linea Alba via rectus sheaf
L1 nerve Anterior rami T7-t12

Question 10

Origins and insertions of quadratus lumborum

Answer 10

Origins: medial border of lower 1/2 12th rib
Insertions: iliolumbar, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae iliac crest
Ventral nerve roots t12-l4

Question 11

Origins and insertions for external oblique

Answer 11

Origins: 5-12th ribs and their ccs
Insertions: pubic tubercles to ASIS, linea Alba via rectus sheaf, iliac crest
L1 nerve anterior rami T7

Question 12

Origins and insertions of internal oblique

Answer 12

Origins: 10th-12th ribs, linea Alba via rectus sheaf, pectin pubis
Insertions: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
Anterior rami T7-t12