CERVICAL OSCE

Question 1

What are the origins and insertions of the alar ligament

Answer 1

Alar ligament attached either side of the dens and attach to medial aspect of the occiput, relaxed in extension and taught in flexion, prevent distraction of C1 and 2, stabilises craniocervical junction

Question 2

What are the origins and insertions of the apical ligament

Answer 2

Apical ligament goes from apex of the dens to the edge of the foremen magnum,

Question 3

What are the origins and insertions of the transverse ligament

Answer 3

The Transverse ligament divides the ring of the atlas into 2 compartments, anterior:dens, posterior: spinal cord, keeps the anterior facet of the atlas against the dens of the axis

Question 4

What is the tectorial membrane

Answer 4

Tectorial membrane covers odontoid process and its ligaments continuous with posterior longitudinal ligament found on internal surface of vertbral canal, arises from post surface of axis attached to Basiliar groove of occipital bone, prevents odontoid process compressing spinal cord

Question 5

What muscles can you do in the c spine

Answer 5

Sternocleidomastoid
Lev scap
Scalenes
Upper traps

Question 6

What’s the odontoid process

Answer 6

Odontoid process aka dens process protuberance of the axis the 2nd vertebrae, shallow groove for transverse ligament which retains process in position, apex is pointed and is attachment for apical ligament

Question 7

What’s the uncinate process

Answer 7

Uncinate process associated with the joints of Lushka, bony protuberance on the end plates of the c vertebrae (c3-7)positioned either side of vertbral discs

Question 8

What joints to include in the C OSCE

Answer 8

joints of luscha
Atlanto axial joints 
Atlanto occipital joints 
Facet joints 
Intervertebral joints

Question 9

What are the origins and insertions of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 9

Origins: sternal head comes from manubrium of sternum, clavicules head comes form anterior surface of 2/3 of clavicle
Insertions: superior nuchal line
NS: x1 cranial nerve which is sensory, ventral rami c3 which is sensory

Question 10

Origins and insertions of upper traps

Answer 10

Origins: occipital protuberance of occipital bone, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes c7-t12, supra spinous ligament
Insertions- lateral 1/3 of clavicle
NS: accessory nerve and spinal cervical nerve c3-4

Question 11

Origins and insertions of levator scapulae

Answer 11

Origins: spinous processes c1-c4
Insertions: between medial border of scapula and superior angle of scapula
Nerve supply: dorsal scapula nerve c5

Question 12

Origins And insertions of scalenes

Answer 12

Origins:ant-c3-C6, med- c1-c7, post-c4-C6
Insertions: ant- 1st rib, med-1st rib, post-2nd rib
NS: anterior rami c4-6, medius- c3-c8, posterior-C6-c8