thoracic cage Flashcards
what are the main components of the thoracic cage?
- thoracic spine (posterior)
- sternum (anterior)
- ribs (I-XII)
what are the names of the apertures found on the thoracic cage?
- superior thoracic Aperture (inlet)
- inferior thoracic aperture (outlet)
what are the 3 types of ribs?
- true ribs
- false ribs
- floating ribs
what are true ribs?
what rib section do they range from?
these are the ribs that have a direct insertion to the sternum via the costal cartilage
ranges from ribs I-VII
What are false ribs?
what rib section do they range from?
these ribs have an indirect insertion to the sternum via the costal margin (infrasternal angle)
range from ribs VIII-X
What are floating ribs?
what rib section do they range from?
ribs that have no inseion on sternum
ribs XI-XII`
what components are observed on typical ribs?
- posterior: Head, neck, tubercule
- body, costal angle, costal groove
anterior: costal cartilage
what are the 3 articulation surfaces found on ribs?
- costal cartilage (anterior)
- head of the rib (posterior)
- tubercule of the rib (posterior)
where are the demi-facets located on the thoracic vertebrae?
they are located directly on the vertebral body.
where are the costal facets located on the thoracic vertebrae?
on the TP
what type of joint is the costovertebral/ costotransverse joint?
synovial joint
how does the costovertbral joint articulate?
two articular facets on the head of the rib articulate with the demi facets located on the rib’s numerical vertebral counterpart and the vertebrae above it.
how does the costotransverse joint articulate?
the tubercule of the rib articulates with the costal facet on the TPs of the vertebral bone on its own level.
which ribs are considered to be atypical?
rib I rib II rib X rib XI rib XII
what are the properties that make rib I atypical?
short, flat and horizontally oriented
lacks costal groove, instead have anterior and posterior groves for subclavian vein and artery
articulates with vertebral bone on its own level
what are the properties that make rib II atypical?
-smaller size (2x bigger than rib I)
rest is typical
what are the properties that make rib X atypical?
-only articulates with vertebral bone on its levels
what are the properties that make rib XI and XII atypical?
- articulate with vertebral bone on its own level
- lack neck and tubercule
- short
are costovertebral and costotransverse posterior or anterior joints?
what do they articulate with?
posterior
they artiuculate between ribs and vertebrae
what do anterior thoracic joints articulate with?
between ribs and sternum
what is being articulated in the costochondral joint?
what type of joint is that?
between the costal cartilage and the rib body
its a solid, synchondrosis joint
what is being articulated in the sternoclostal joint?
what type of joint is that?
is there and exception to the type of joint it is for particular ribs?
between the costal cartilage and the sternum
it is a synovial join exhibiting plane/gliding
yes rib I is a solid, synchrondrosis joint