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ABCP-Gross-Thorax > Thoracic Airway and Lungs > Flashcards

Thoracic Airway and Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two layers of the serous membrane?

A

Visceral layer and parietal layer

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2
Q

What are the 2 layers of the serous membrane separated by?

A

Pleural cavity

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3
Q

What is the pleural cavity?

A

Potential space between parietal and visceral pleura q

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4
Q

What does the pleural cavity contain?

A

Contains thin film of fluid

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5
Q

What is the role of the pleural cavity?

A

Lubricates the surfaces of the visceral and parietal pleura

NO FRICTION

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6
Q

What is the visceral pleura?

A

Covers the surface of the lung and lines the lung fissures

It is continuous with the parietal pleura around the root of the lung

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7
Q

What is a pleural recess?

A

when the two reserve spaces of the pleural cavity are occupied by the lung in deep respiration

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8
Q

What is a costomediastinal recess?

A

Along the anterior border of lung between Costal and mediastinal pleura

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9
Q

What is the costodiaphragmatic recess?

A

Along the inferior border of the lung between costal and diaphragmatic pleura

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10
Q

What is the blood supply of the parietal pleura?

A

Intercostal vessels
Internal thoracic
Superior intercostal

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11
Q

What is the blood supply of the pleura?

A

Bronchial arteries

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12
Q

What is the nervous supply of the parietal pleura?

A

intercostal nerve and phrenic nerve

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13
Q

What is the nervous supply of the visceral pleura?

A

Visceral nerve = pulmonary plexus

Insensitive to pain

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14
Q

What is the hilum of the lung?

A

Wedge shaped area on the mediastinal surface of each lung? - know where this is

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15
Q

What is the pulmonary ligament?

A

A cuff of pleura extending around the structures entering or leaving the lung

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16
Q

What does the pulmonary ligament allow?

A

Allows the descend of the lung root during respiration and accommodates the pulmonary veins

17
Q

What is another name for the innominate vein?

A

Braciocephalic vein

18
Q

What are the grooves in the lungs for?

A 
Subclavian arteries
Brachiocephalic veins 
1st rib
oesophagus 
cardiac impression
19
Q

What does the left lung have a groove for?

A

Aorta

20
Q

What does the right lung have a groove for?

A

Azgos vein

21
Q

What does the left lung have in addition and why?

A

A cardiac notch and lingula that wraps around the apex since the apex is located to the left of the midline

22
Q

What is the trachea?

A

A flexible tube that extends from the vertebral level C6 in the lower neck to TV 4/5 in the mediastinum

23
Q

What is wrapped around the trachea?

A

C shaped cartilage

24
Q

What is the last cartilage ring known as?

A

Carina

25
Q

What is the posterior wall of the trachea composed of?

A

Smooth muscle

26
Q

What is the primary bronchi composed of?

A

C-shaped cartilaginous rings

27
Q

Where does the primary bronchi arise from?

A

The trachea after 2-3cm enter lungs

28
Q

How does the left and right bronchus differ? and why?

A

The right bronchus is slightly wider/shorter/ more vertical

Aspiration pneumonia is more common in the right lung

29
Q

How many secondary bronchi?

A

There is one secondary bronchus for each lobe

30
Q

How many tertiary bronchi?

A

One tertiary bronchus for each segment

31
Q

What is significant about smooth muscle?

A

No cartilage only smooth muscle

32
Q

What is a bronchpulmonary segment?

A

Area of lung that is supplied by a segmental bronchus and its accompanying pulmonary artery branch

33
Q

How is the bronchpulmonary segment shaped?

A

Shaped like an irregular cone

34
Q

How many bronchpulmonary segment is in each lung?

A

There are 10 pulmonary segments in each lung

35
Q

What is the route of the pulmonary trunk?

A

Arises from right ventricle
Runs up, back, and to the left
Bifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries, one for each lung

36
Q

What is the route of the right pulmonary?

A

Right pulmonary artery - passes posterior to ascending aorta and superior vena cava to hilum of right lung

37
Q

What is the route of the left pulmonary artery?

A

Left pulmonary artery- passes anterior to descending aorta and left main bronchus to hilum of left lung

38
Q

Where do the 2 left bronchial arteries originate from?

A

The thoracic artery

39
Q

Where does the right bronchial artery originate?

A

Intercostobronchial trunk

ABCP-Gross-Thorax (9 decks)

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