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abcp-gross-thorax > Intercostal structures > Flashcards

Intercostal structures Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the thoracic wall?

A

Skin
Superficial fascia (anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves)
Deep fascia
Muscle

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2
Q

What are the three instrinsic muscles of the thorax?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

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3
Q

What is the intercostal space?

A

It is the space between two ribs

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4
Q

What does each space contain?

A

Intercostal muscles
Intercostal neurovascular bundle
Lymphatics

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5
Q

What is the most superficial intercostal muscle of the thorax?

A

External intercostal muscle

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6
Q

What is the origin of the external intercostal muscle?`

A

From the lower border of the ribs above

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the external intercostal muscles?

A

Upper border of rib below

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8
Q

Where is the external intercostal muscle located?

A

Extends from the rib tubercle behind the costo-chondral junction in front

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9
Q

What is the external intercostal muscle replaced with anteriorly?

A

External intercostal membrane

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10
Q

What layer is the internal intercostal muscle?

A

Intermediate layer

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11
Q

What direction does the fibres of the internal intercostal muscle run?

A

Fibres directed downward and backward

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12
Q

Where is the internal intercostal muscle located?

A

Extends from the sternum in front to the angle of the rib behind

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13
Q

What is the internal intercostal muscle replaced by posteriorly?

A

Internal intercostal membrane

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14
Q

What are the three intrinsic muscles?

A

External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal

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15
Q

What does the intercostal nerves supply?

A

Muscles of the ribs, anterolateral thorax and abdominal wall

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16
Q

What are the intercostal nerves?

A

Anterior rami of spinal nerves T1-T11 because they travel in the intercostal spaces between adjacent ribs

17
Q

What is the nerve T12 called and why?

A

Subcostal nerve because it arises below the ribs

18
Q

Do the intercostal nerves form plexuses?

A

No with the exception of T1

19
Q

What does T1 intercostal nerve do?

A

Brachial plexus

20
Q

What does T2 intercostal nerve do?

A

Innervates the intercostal muscles of the second intercostal space and is sensory for the axilla and medial surface of the arm

21
Q

What does T3-T6 intercostal nerve do?

A

Innervate the intercostal muscles and are sensory for the anterior chest wall

22
Q

What does T7-T12 intercostal nevre innervate?

A

the intercostal muscles, the abdominal muscles and the overlying skin.

23
Q

What is present in the intercostal space?

A

Intercostal nerve
Intercostal artery
Intercostal vein

24
Q

What are the arteries of the thoracic wall?

A

Thoracic aorta
Subclavian artery
Axillary artery

25
Q

What are the arteries of the thoracic wall?

A

Thoracic aorta
Subclavian artery
Axillary artery

26
Q

What does the thoracic aorta divide into?

A

Posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries

27
Q

What does the subclavian arteries divide into?

A

Internal thoracic and supreme intercostal arteries

28
Q

What does the axillary and superior artery divide into?

A

Superior and lateral thoracic arteries

29
Q

What are the two intercostal arteries?

A

Anterior intercostal arteries

Posterior intercostal arteries

30
Q

Where do the upper 6 pairs of arteries arise from?

A

The internal thoracic artery

31
Q

Where do the 7th, 8th, 9th pairs of arteries arise from?

A

Musculophrenic artery

32
Q

What is the origin of the internal thoracic artery?

A

First part of the subcalvian artery

33
Q

Where does the internal thoracic artery terminate?

A

Opposite the sixth intercostal space by dividing into superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries

34
Q

Where does the venous drainage occur?

A

Parallel to the pattern of arterial supply

35
Q

What is the venous drainage made up of?

A

Intercostal veins
Azgous vein or into internal thoracic veins
Brachiocephalic veins

36
Q

What forms the internal thoracic vein?

A

Formed by the union of the two venae comitantes of the internal thoracic artery behind the third costal cartilage

37
Q

What path does the internal thoracic vein take?

A

It ascends close to the artery to terminate in the corresponding innominate vein

abcp-gross-thorax (9 decks)

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