thinking, language and intelligence Flashcards
cognition
the mental activity that involves thinking and understanding
analogical representations
characteristics of real objects such as a map
symbolic representations
abstract and no relation to an object, such a words and numbers
script
type of schema, to help understand a sequence of events, describes correct behaviour ina given sitaution.
heuristics
mental short cuts to make a decision, mostly unconcious
what are some common heuristics
anchoring; relying on the first piece of information that comes across.
availability heuristics; tendency to make a decision based on what comes most easily to mind.
reprsentativity heuristics; tendency to place a person or object ina categoryif they are similar to a prototype ( exsisiting group)
(emotions influence) somatic markers
physical reactions, gut feeling
(emotions influence) affective prediction
means predicting whether it will make you happy or not
problem solving; restructure
present problem in a different way
problem solving; mental sets
thinking back to a fimilar problem
algorithm
a guideline that will always give the right answer when followed correctly
sudden insight
a solution suddenly appears
language
communication system of sounds and symbols according to grammatical rules
morphemes
words consist of one or more morphemes, smalles unit that have meaning
phonemes
each morpheme consists of one or more phonemes, the basic sound of speech
syntax
system of rules about words and sentences