human development Flashcards
zygote
united egg with sperm (fertilisation)
embryo
after two weeks the zygote transofrm into an embryo, extremly fragile at this stage
foetus
after two moths, organs and a heart beat are formed
myelination (pregnancy)
in the first trimester the spinal cord develops, in the second the neurons develop, during this nerve fibers are wrapped witha fatty coating that increase the speed of signals
teratogens
are substances that damage the embryo and are visible after birth
foetal alcohol syndrom (FAS)
condition where the child brain is massivley impaired at birth
grasping reflex
babies hand closes when something touches the palm
rooting reflex
babies tunr their head towards an object and suck when a nipple or something similar appears
sucking reflex
babie immediatly starts sucking when something is in their mouth
babies lack visual acuity
the ability to distinguish differences in patterns, colours and shapes
attachment
strong emmotional connection that stays despite circumstances and the passage of time
attachment style
8-12 months can distinguish between their attachment figure and a stranger, which can cause seperation anxiety, tested
secure attachment (stranger situation test)
65% babies play happily when caregiver and stranger are in the room , but cries when care giver leaves
insecure attachment (stranger situation test)
35% children have other approaches, such as insecure avoidance; child doesnt get upset or prefers to play with stranger, or insecure ambivalnce; child gets upset and doesnt calm down when care giver returns
which hormone relates to social behaviour such as attachment
oxytocin, breastfeeding leads to the release of this hormone, which stimulates milk production
