Thinking about Globalization

Question 1

What is glocalization?

Answer 1

Acombination of the words “globalization” and “localization” usedto describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally, but is also fashioned to accommodate the user or consumer in a local market.

Question 2

What does it mean for a service or product to be glocalized?

Answer 2

This means that the product or service may be tailored to conform with local laws, customs or consumer preferences.

Question 3

Products or services that are effectively “glocalized” are, by definition, going to be of _________

Answer 3

Much greater interest to the end user.

Question 4

How should we define globalization? (two definitions)

Answer 4

1. The increasing interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, environmental, political and cultural change.
2. The increased international mobility of goods, people, contracts (including financial claims) and thoughts (facts, ideas, and beliefs).

Question 5

What are the five dimensions of globalization?

Answer 5

1. Economic
2. Political
3. Democracy
4. Ecological
5. Cultural

Question 6

What does economic mean?

Answer 6

Global finance and market of economy, multinationals, networking, international trade and business, new labour markets, new development cooperation

Question 7

What does political mean?

Answer 7

Human rights, international terrorism, war and new security problems

Question 8

What does democracy mean?

Answer 8

Good governance by people’s participation, human rights

Question 9

What does ecological mean?

Answer 9

Sustainable globalization: use of common resources and legislation (biosphere; water, forest, earth, air, atmosphere)

Question 10

What does cultural mean?

Answer 10

Multicultural society of different identities: local, political, gender, family, national, individual and social. Multicultural education for literacy.

Question 11

What are the three basic views of globalization?

Answer 11

1. The hyperglobalist view
2. Skeptical view
3. Transformationalist View

Question 12

What is the hyperglobalist view?

Answer 12

1. The nation state is seen to be losing its role to a world (denationalization)
   - autonomy and sovereignty of nation-states is dwindling or at least being perforated
   - emergence of a single global market and global competition
   - “a single global economy transcending and integrating the world’s major economic regions”
2. Increasing globalization of the economy is inevitable

Question 13

In a hyperglobalist view, “it is _________rather than _____, which exercise decisive influence over the organization, location and distribution of economic power and wealth.”

Answer 13

1. Global finance and corporate capital

2. States

Question 14

In a hyperglobalist view, Globalization is _________.

Answer 14

Beneficial (eventually all parts of the world will reap its advantages – trickle down concept).

Question 15

What is the two end goals for hyperglobalization?

Answer 15

1. “the end of the welfare state and social democracy”

2. A borderless world based on principles of neoliberalism

Question 16

What is neo-liberalism? (7 main points)

Answer 16

1. The rule of the market – freedom for capital, goods and services, where the market is self-regulating allowing the ‘trickle down’ notion of wealth distribution
2. Deunionizing of labor forces
   Removal of any impediments to capital mobility (i.e. regulations, tariffs)
3. The freedom is from the state or government
4. Reducing public expenditure for social services (i.e. health care and education) by the government
5. Deregulation (allow market forces to act as a self-regulating mechanism)
6. Privatization of public enterprise (i.e. water, internet)
7. Changing perceptions of public and community good to individualism and individual responsibility

Question 17

What is the skeptical view?

Answer 17

1. Views the concept of globalization as an ideological construct which simply gives neo-liberalist policies greater spatial dominance.
2. Argues that there is nothing really new in the manner in which the world economy operates
   - Acknowledges that the speed, scale, scope and complexity of global exchange has occurred but argues that “intensity of contemporary global interdependence is considerably exaggerated.”

Question 18

In a skeptical view the nation-state remains_______. It is not a passive victim but continues to be ___________. The emphasis upon footloose capital and a new global capitalist order is _____ as is the ______ of the welfare state.

Answer 18

1. Central
2. Primary architect
3. Overstated
4. Decline

Question 19

What are two examples of the nationstate not being a passive architect?

Answer 19

Example #1: The state continues to control population flows

Example #2: The state continues to be a possessor of territory (sovereignty matters!)

Question 20

With the skeptic view, what we are witnessing is_______ not ___________.

There are “several major economic and political blocs , within which very different forms of ______ continue to ______.”

The pace of economic integration is higher ______regions than it is _______regions.

Answer 20

1. Regionalization (re: trading blocks)
2. Globalization
3. Capitalism
4. Flourish
5. Within
6. Between

Question 21

What is the transformationalist view?

Answer 21

1. Accepts that changes have occurred but denies that such changes are inevitable or natural
2. We should not ignore “the spatial re-organization and re-articulation of economic, political, military and cultural power”
3. We should think about questions concerning the application/exercise of power: its modalities, instrumentalities, organization and distribution.

Question 22

In the transormationalist view we are witnessing the_________ of boundaries. This is a highly _____ process. ______ for some, _____for others

Answer 22

1. Blurring (reconstitution and reconstruction of governance)
2. Uneven (it divides as it integrates)
3. Shrinking
4. Distancing

Question 23

In the transformationalist view, _______remains a feature in this system. Here the nation state is still considered to have a role in decision-making although it now interacts in a __________ and its functions have been restructured accordingly.

Answer 23

1. Sovereignty

2. Multilayered system of governance