Things to work on/know Flashcards
elf4e normally is _______ so it can recruit and do_____
bound to nothing so it can recruit 7 methylguanosine cap to the 5’ mRNA for capping
what makes 4e-bp not phosphorylated so it can go bind elf4e
stress or rapamycin
elf2alpha normally does what
brings initiator tRNA to ribosome
what leads to elf2alpha to be inhibited by phosphorylation
interfeuron
each finger of the zinc finger does what
1- DNA binding domain, 2 dimerization domain
estrogen binding to estrogen receptor leads to ____ which leads to ____
dimerization which leads to txn activation
tamoxifen works how
estrogen antagonist, binds the estrogen receptor and prevents HAT recruitment (sometimes even recruits corepressors)
normally what masks the NF kappa B signal
IkappaB
what happens when IkB gets phosphorylated
IkB gets degraded and NFkB goes to the nucleus to turn on inflammatory genes
normally, NFAT is phosphorylated in the cytoplasm. What removes that phosphate and what happens when that phosphate is removed
cacineurin phosphatase— NFAT goes to nucleus and increases txn in the immune system and heart function
cyclosporin and Fk506 are immunosuppresants. how do they work
inhibit calcinuerin– keeps NFAT in the cytoplasm so the immune system is suppressed
in DNA, lower salt concentration does what to the TM
lowers it
deaminating 5 methycytosine does what
turns it into thiamin
how does chemo usually work
intercalating agents
puromycin works by
nucleotide analog that mimics the tRNA acceptor region to terminate translation
whats the name of the prokaryotic sliding clamp
beta subunit of pol III
functions of prok pol I
polymerase 5-3 exonuclease to remove primers and 3-5 proofreading exonuclease
pol III functions
polymerase and 3-5 proofreading exonuclease
telomerase is a ___ dependent __ polymerase
RDRP
three eukaryotic polymerases and what they do
alpha (holoenzyme with primes, polymerase, can’t proofread but does the first 20 nt after RNA primer), delta (lagging strand away from fork) and epsilon (leading strand towards fork)
deaminated cytosine is what
uracil
2 direct repair enzymes
DNA ligase and MGMT
which repair pathway has a helicase
NER
which repair pathway has a lyase
BER
2 proteins in proks and euks for MMR
MutS and L, MSH MLH’
in translation, which subunit has the decoding groove and which has the catalytic center
decoding groove is small subunit catalytic is large
how many initiation factors in bacteria vs euks
3 and >12
in euk initiation, what binds the 5’ cap
elf4e
ferritin does what to iron
sequesters
how many high energy bonds are used for each peptide bond thats made in translation
4
chloramphenicol and erythromycin work how
affect initiator tRNA binding
3 diseases from mutations in DNA control elements
thalassemia hemophilia and fragile x syndrome
3 diseases in mutations in ss DBP
craniosynostosis waardenburg syndrome androgen insensitivity
2 diseases in HAT and HDAC probz
leukemia and rubenstien taybi
3 disease from post translational modification fuck ups
scurvy clotting diseases and CDG
how does rapamycin work
dephosphorylates 43 bp to block capping
how does gleevec work
hinhibits BCRable kinase competitively
how does velcade work
inhibits proteasome to fight multiple myeloma
