bioenergetics Flashcards
entropy symbol and definition
S, randomness
positive entropy means what
+S= favorable- increase in disorder
enthalpy symbol and definition
H bond energy
exothermic reaction delta H is what
negative
endothermic reaction delta H is what
positive
change in gibbs free energy is what
maximum work that a proess can perform at constant pressure and temp
negative delta G means
thermodynamically favorable and spontaneous
positive delta G means
thermodynamically unfavorable and not spontaneous
definition of high energy compound
releases more than 7 kcal/mol
2 classes of high energy bonds
thioester and high energy phosphate
example of thirster bond
C-s: acetyl CoA
3 examples of phosphate bonds
phosphoanhydride (pop like tap), phosphocreatine (PN), and phosphoenolpyruvate (COP
more positive the value of E means what
likes to attract electrons
the more negative the value of e means
likes to give up electrons
free energy of redox is directly related to _____________
the difference in reduction potential between products and reactants
electrons pass from compounds with ____ to _____ E and free energy is _____
low to high, free energy is released
first law of thermo
energy is neither created nor destroyed
second law of thermo
entropy of the universe is always increasing
cutting the beta bond of ATP results in what two products
AMP and pyrophosphate
positive delta G means reaction will move:
backwards
negative delta G means reaction will more:
forwards
when deltaG<0, the reaction is
spontaneous
the deltaG>0 the reaction is
not spontaneous
when deltaG=0,
the system is at equilibrium
ideal state of H and S
-H and +S
Kep>1 reaction moves
forward
Keq<1
reaction moves backwards
nucleotide=
base sugar and phosphate group
nucleoside=
base and sugar
