things Flashcards
Salting in
Increase solubility bc we add avg salt not too high
If too high, it is salting-out bc salt interacts with solvent so that the solubility decreases
Pellet has the
organelles, heavy stuff unsoluble proteins and the supernatant is the one with the dissolved, soluble proteins
Anionic detergent (SDS) makes
aa negative charges so that all are same at the cathode (-), so we look at size
Immunoassay types
Western blot, ELISA
ELISA
use Ab to detect protein concentration
Western blot uses Ab too (primary, secondary in ELISA) and detects the viral antigen.
200-400 nm (UV wavelength)
amino acids are absorbed best because of the aromaticity too
Absorbance= -log (I, I transmitted))/ Io (I initial)
Absorbance = log Io / I
A = - log T
T= I/ Io
Restriction enzyme
DNAeases (cleave DNA), palindromic seq (reading back and forward same)
if methlayed, RE cannot be used
endonuclease
cleave middle, exo (end) cleave polynucleotide
reporter gene
restriction enzyme things and it reports whether Green fluorescent antibiotic res
transgenic gene
transferred gene naturally (genetic engineering)
microarray
healthy vs cancerous cell, you add fluorescence and isolate the RNA and make cDNA and look at the expression
Impulse formula (think momentum)
Ft= mv
Flow rate
ADP/T (thickness)
attractive F
related with molecule and repulsion with b so volume
high P low V
3rd thermodynamic law
S getting to 0 T is 0
work positive when done
on the system
specific heat
c= cal/gK
1 cal/gK of water (specific heat)
4.184 J/gK
Pressure
A v R = CO R
Viscosity
Pressure x time (Pa s)
37 C body temp
9/5C +32
98.6 F
1 atm
1 bar, 101 kPa, 760 Torr, 14.7 psi
Every 10 m adds
1 atm to Ptotal
Pressure
Force/ Area
P gauge
Absolute P (dgh+ Patm) - P atm
dgh
density
g/ml g/cm3 kg/L
L= dm3
Hydrostatic pressure
dgh
Lyman
n=1 UV
Balmer 2 visible
Paschen 3 IR
All EM waves travel the
same speed !!!
their nm and f are different
spectrometry
measured absorbed wavelength of light and see the colors
reflection= frequency, color
capacitor
Farad ( C/V)
Intensity
power/ area
proteins absorbed at
200-400 nm (UV)
gamma rays have no
mass ,charge
when gain electron
enthalphy is negeative (E. affinity)
oxidation= lose e so e is on the right side
1 kg
1L
when VP increases
BP increase and high volatility (ethanol) and intermo forces decrease
at high altitude BP decrease
HClO3
chloric acid
fusion
meltng
Enthalpy is
q at constant p
U is q at constant V
H
U + pV
S (J/K)
q/ T = klnwW
Buffer
weak acid/base and ists conjugate salt
Phenolphthalein
9 ish
Kw
Ka x Kb
Lead-Acid and Ni-Cd
discharging and the one that has O is cathode and Ni-Cd has high E density and the other ahs low E density
Faraday constant (F) in E cell equation
96,485 C/mol or J/V
R = 8 !!!
Disproportion rxns (dismutations)
both oxidized and reduced element
CoQ !!!
Potentiometric titration
no indicator, we use voltage
Solvation (Nacl in water)
is endothermic (bc you need heat)
Haber process
N2 + 3 H2 = 2 NH3
enantiomers have (configurational)
identical phys and chem properties
heme
porphyrin (has N has double bondish things)
ubiquinol is
OH (reduced) in ETC from ubiquinone (CoQ)
OH becomes a better leaving group in
acidic environment (oxonium ion (+) formed
to reduce imine do
hydrolysis via water
enolate at thermodynamic condition is
high T weak weak base and irreversible
amine + COOH derivate (anhydride maybe)
amide (condensation)
amide undergo to form COOH
hydrolysis under high T, acidity, basicity
Stretcher synthesis
aldehyde +KCN (COOH group)_ + NH4Cl
most amines are
weak bases (good leaving group)
cDNA has
NO introns
gangliosides (lipid)
have oligosac with 1 NANA
nonsense mutation
truncation
paracellular route
tight junctions (no intercellular transport)
RBC and skeletal muscle don’t do
CAC
mitochondria inner m
doesn’t have cholesterol
cholesterol synthesis
acoa goes to ER
pancreas produces
bicarbonate
trypsin !!! (enteropeptidase)
shunts
skip lungs, liver (fetus)
umbilical veins= oxygenated
formamen ovale= right to left atrium
ductus arteriole= pulm ar to aorta
ductus venous = skip liver
hematocrit (blood )
is the volume percentage of red blood cells in blood,
veins
low resistance so low BP
mesoderm
steroid hormones
endo= endocrine glands (thyroid)
blue color in doopler effect
sun getting closer
clonus
related with CNS (upper body neurons) irregular contractions rhythm
fasciculation= lower body neurons (PNS) twitches
As surface tension decreases
temperature increases (KE increases) intermole int decrease bc you have low molecule
prions (protein)
trigger misfolding alpha to beta helices and DECREASE solubility
viroids
plant pathogens
peptide Nt
opioids (endorphins)
Monoamine Nt
catecholamines, epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin
morphology
structure of words
semantics= meaning of words
syntax= grammar of correct words, sentences
prosody
rhythm of cadence, language
phonology= sound of language
pragmatics
Dependence of language on context and pre-existing knowledge
Affected by prosody
Skinner (behaviorist)
operant conditioning, learning theory
Jung, Adler, Horney are
non-Freudian
collective unconscious
Chomsky
nativist language (innate), language acquisition device
CHILD
Language influences
cognition
Aphasia
problems with language
Conduction aphasia
cant repeat backwords, damage to articulate fasciculus
Mead
imitation, interactionist (Blumer)
Maslow
self-actualization is rarely achieves
Roger (usually)
Treisman’s attenuation theory (coctail party effect)
Attenuator weakens input from unattended sensory input (rather than elimination by a filter)
Sensory register → attenuator → perceptual process → consciousness
Broadbent’s early selection theory
Binet
IQ at a certain age gibi
Galton
Human ability and intelligence are hereditary
Deductive reasoning
General to specific (top-down)
inductice= bottom=up so specific to general
As volume increases
work is negative bc we give energy to our surroundings
As pressure decreases
work is positive bc compress it
compressing a gas is
positive work
W= - pV (negative) when work on system
when V increase work is negative
because we lose HEAT
Fahrenheit
9/5C +32 to get Celsius
Path functions
q and w
state functions: G, S
lysozyme found in
mouth as well as amylase, lipase, and saliva
mucous cells are
epithelial cells around the stomach, proliferative and produce bicarbonate (pancreas)
somatostatin
in the pancreas and stomach and inhibit GH
lead to more production of intrinsic factor (b12) in parietal cells
Leptin is secreted by
adipocytes
ghrelin= upper stomach and pancreas
MA
number of movable rope
Self-determination theory (macro) = human motivation
autonomy, dependence, competence
higher you have, the more intrinsically motivated you are
Parallel play
2-3 age
Hedonism (Kohlberg)
Doing things for personal gain (+9) reward, punish
Conventional stage
conformity, law, and order (adolescence, adult)
Post-conventional
the social contract, universal ethical principle (own moral code)
reaction formation
you do the opposite ( the girl is cute so you hit her)
rationizalition
excuse, i had a great reason to do that
Bandura
reciprocal determinism
Eysenck’s personality theory
PEN
Psychoticism = degree to which reality is distorted Extroversion = degree of sociability Neuroticism = emotional stability
