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other things Flashcards

1
Q

Lysine (K)

A

10

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2
Q

Arginine (3 N)

A

12

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3
Q

Histidine

A

6

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4
Q

Asp, Glu

A

4

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5
Q

Phosphoglycerate kinase

A

glycolysis where you do

1,3 biphosphoglycerate to 3

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6
Q

Citric Acid Cycle

NET PRODUCTS : 6 NADH + 6 H+ + 2 FADH2 + 4 CO2 + 2 CoA

A
  1. A-CoA (2C)
  2. Citrate (CoA is released)
  3. Iso-citrate (water out and in)
  4. alpha-ketoglutarate (NAD to NADH and CO2 released) 5C oluyor burda
  5. succinyl-CoA (decarboxylase)
  6. succinate (GTP)
  7. fumarate ( FADH2)
  8. malate (water comes IN and is said to be 3 water)
  9. OXO (NADH) - 4C

If you have NADH (too much) or ATP this is inhibited

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7
Q

PHC

NET PRODUCTS: NADH+ H + CO2 (x2)

A

Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

CoA comes in and NAD+ to NADH +H

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8
Q

Glycolysis

A

2 NADH, 2ATP, 2H, 2 Pyruvate

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9
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi

Pi comes from 1, 3 and last step (pyruvate carboxylase)

1,3= water is converted to Pi

Pyruvate carboxylase= ATP+ CO2 to Pi and ADP
PEPCK= GTP to GDP and CO2

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10
Q

xylose (5 C)

A

mannose (6C)

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11
Q

Enzyme

A

do not change the concentration of the S or the P it only changes the RATE !!!

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12
Q

Michaelis Menten

A

S bigger than E !!!!

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13
Q

Phosphorylation

A

add Pi group rather than Po4 like kinase

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14
Q

Allosteric effector

A

display cooperativity like oxygen

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15
Q

Un-Competitive inhibitor

A

binds only to ES complex

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16
Q

Noncompetitive inhibitor

A

allosteric inhibition is a form of this

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17
Q

Inferiority (asagilik)

A

Industry (competence)

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18
Q

Force

A

N (kgm/s2)

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19
Q

Boyle (PV)

A

Gay (P/t)
Chargles (V/T)
Avogad (n/V)

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20
Q

Ideal gas

A

only kinetic not PE

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21
Q

B - decay

A

+1 and n to p (electron and antineutrino)

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22
Q

alpha decay

A

A-4 He and z-2

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23
Q

elecron capture

A

proton absorbs e and forms a neutron

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24
Q

mass deficit

A

p+n mass is bigger than mass of atom

E=mc2

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25
Q

yellow (dispersion !!!)

A

purple

red=green
blue=orange

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26
Q

E of capacitor

capacitor (Farad)

A

V/d

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27
Q

fixed pipe

A

wave= 2L/n (antinodes)

closed= 4L/n (nodes ODD)

open=2L/n (node)

IF string= 2L/n (antinode)

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28
Q

sin90=1

A 
sin60= 0.8 (0.86...)
sin45= 0.7 (0.6...)
sin30= 0.5
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29
Q

oscillatory motion or anything with OSCILLATION think !!!

A

PE= 1/2 k x2 (like a spring)

or if you see WAVE !!

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30
Q

fulcrum

A

rotational equilibrium

31
Q

l (azimuthal)

A

subshell, 3D shape l=1 it is p

32
Q

ml (magnetic)

A

orientation (p has 3 orbitals) -1, 0, +1

33
Q

max electron in n

A

n=4 34 electrons

34
Q

electrons per shell

35
Q

alkali metal form as well as earth metals

A

OH with water

36
Q

only Xe, Kr on noble gas

37
Q

1 atom provides both bonding e (so both 2 electrons are provided by 1 atom)

A

coordinate covalent bond

38
Q

colligative properties

A

depend on amount, not type

39
Q

HC03-

A

bicarbonate and carbonic acid is a weak acid

40
Q

electron flow

A

anode to cathode so neg to pos

current flow= cat to anode so pos to neg (so from cathode electrode to anode in a chart)

41
Q

when you see the salt bridge and the chart

A

it is electrochemical !!!

42
Q

homogenous mixture (NaCl in water and endothermic bc you need heat)

A

true, colloidal, suspension

43
Q

thyroid hormone (originates from endoderm)

endoderm: endocrine hormones, GI, respiratory

mesoderm= urinary !!! kidney

A

increases heat production and oxygen production

tyrosine-based

44
Q

gender schema

A

what gender male/female is/ identity

45
Q

ring strain

A

increase reactivity, torsional strain increases !!

46
Q

Oxidizing agents

A

jonas reagent, metallic oxides (K2Cr07), PCC, Tollen’s reagent (synthesize aldehyde but not ketone, OH)

47
Q

EN less to have

A

more nucleophilicity

48
Q

Ester and amide

A

COOH derivative

49
Q

Alkyl groups decrease acidity

A

bc they destabilize negative charges

So aldehyde and ketone are less acidic !!

50
Q

amine (enol) vs imine (keto)

A

amide (keto) vs imidic acid (enol)

lactam (keto has N!!! ) vs lactim (enol)

51
Q

COOH + COOH

A

NAOH to anhydride !!

52
Q

anhydride via water

53
Q

amide= hydrolysis (water or OH-) to form

A

COOH under high T, high acid, basicity

54
Q

amine + COOH (condensation)

55
Q

anhydride and amide form

A

via condensation (strong base) and return to COOH via hydrolysis (water)

56
Q

if same C (geminal)

A

if diff C adjacent (vicinal)

57
Q

The unhybridized p atomic orbitals are used to

A

form π bonds.

58
Q

IR spectroscopy

A

polar covalent bonds (functional groups) transmittance vs 1/wavelength

59
Q

NMR

A

characterize atoms rather than bonds

60
Q

C triple bond C

A

1900-2200

C=N 1500-1600
C=C 1600-1680

61
Q

Mass spectroscopy

CL (3;1)

A

subject them to E field and M field and that is why we charge them and separate them to m/z ratio

62
Q

Simple distillation

A

Under 150 derece

63
Q

Tollen’s reagent

A

AgNH32OH to make COOH from aldehyde

64
Q

Water has a higher BP

A

than alcohol bc H bond

65
Q

structural proteins

A

actin, tubulin, collagen

66
Q

motor proteins

A

myosin, kinesin, dyenin

67
Q

beta

68
Q

fructose

A

2 is the left upper one

69
Q

reducing sugar 9oxidized)

A

hemiacetal/ketal

70
Q

anomer

A

one and only chiral carbon

71
Q

adipocytes store lipid in

72
Q

phospholipids consist of a glycerol (OH part) backbone

tail-glycerol-PO4

A

whereas sphingolipids consist of a sphingosine backbone

73
Q

mismatch repair (MSH genes, G2 phase)

A

nucleotide (UV) and base(nondeforming C to U)

74
Q

DNA stability decrease via

A

pH (denature)

salt (increase stability)

MCAT (9 decks)

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