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Anatomy > Thigh Muscles > Flashcards

Thigh Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

knee joint

A

essentially only capable of flexion and extension (technically a tiny bit of medial and lateral rotation too)

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2
Q

patella

A

knee bone, (sesamoid bone)

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3
Q

lateral collateral ligament

A

cord-like ligament on the lateral (outside) of your knee, attached to the head of fibula

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4
Q

medial collateral ligament

A

in the medial (inside) of knee, runs from the medial epicondyle of femur to the medial condyle of tibia; major function is to resist vagus forces on the knee

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5
Q

anterior cruciate ligament

A

pulled tight in extension; in crossed formation with posterior cruciate ligament

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6
Q

posterior cruciate ligament

A

pulled tight in flexion; attached further back on tibia and further forward on femur

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7
Q

patellar ligament

A

distal portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris which goes from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

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8
Q

medial meniscus

A

more crescent shaped piece of cartilage that spans the knee joint medially

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9
Q

lateral meniscus

A

more circular shaped piece of cartilage that spans the knee joint laterally (covers more surface)

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10
Q

CLINICAL: meniscus tears

A

act as shock absorbers to stabilize the knee; occur when the knee is suddenly twisted while the foot is planted on the ground

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11
Q

note that: the lateral meniscus is…

A

not in contact with the lateral collateral ligament

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12
Q

note that: the medial meniscus attaches…

A

to the medial collateral ligament

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13
Q

CLINICAL: anterior cruciate ligament

A

is taut when the knee is extended, so a blow to the extended knee can tear it

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14
Q

CLINICAL: posterior cruciate ligament

A

is taut when the knee is flexed, so ur isn’t injured very often (hard to hyperflex)

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15
Q

CLINICAL: “unhappy triad”/ blown knee

A

injured: anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and medial meniscus; usually due to a lateral blow to an extended knee when foot is fixed to the ground

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16
Q

illiopsoas

A

refers to the joined psoas and the iliacus muscles; the muscles are separated in the abdomen but merged in the thigh; joins to femur at the lesser trochanter (strongest flexor of the hip)

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17
Q

proximal attachment of iliopsoas

A

psoas major: lumbar vertebrae; iliacus: medial surface of the ilium

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18
Q

distal attachment of iliopsoas

A

lesser trochanter of the femur

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19
Q

action of iliopsoas

A

flexes hop, laterally/externally rotates hip

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20
Q

innervation of iliopsoas

A

femoral n.

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21
Q

blood supply of iliopsoas

A

medial femoral circumflex a.

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22
Q

sartorius

A

(anterior compartment) longest muscle in the human body; long, thin superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh

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23
Q

proximal attachment of sartorius

A

ASIS

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24
Q

distal attachment of sartorius

A

anterormedial surface of proximal tibia

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25
Q

action of sartorius

A

flexion, lateral rotation, and abduction of hip; flexion of knee

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26
Q

innervation of sartorius

A

femoral n.

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27
Q

blood supply of sartorius

A

femoral a.

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28
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

large muscle group that includes the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius on the front of the thigh; all 4 attach to the patella via quadricep tendon

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29
Q

rectus femoris

A

anterior compartment of thigh

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30
Q

proximal attachment of rectus femoris

A

anterior inferior illiac spine

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31
Q

distal attachment of rectus femoris

A

patellar ligament> tibial tuberosity

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32
Q

action of rectus femoris

A

knee extension; hip flexion

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33
Q

innervation of rectus femoris

A

femoral nerve

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34
Q

blood supply of rectus femoris

A

lateral circumflex femoral artery

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35
Q

vastus lateralis

A

anterior compartment of thigh

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36
Q

proximal attachment of vastus lateralis

A

greater trochanter of femur

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37
Q

distal attachment of vastus lateralis

A

patellar ligament> tibial tuberosity

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38
Q

action of vastus lateralis

A

extension of knee

39
Q

innervation of vastus lateralis

A

femoral nerve

40
Q

blood supply of vastus lateralis

A

lateral circumflex femoral artery

41
Q

vastus medialis

A

anterior compartment of thigh

42
Q

proximal attachment of vastus medialis

A

medial side of femur

43
Q

distal attachment of vastus medialis

A

patellar ligament> tibial tuberosity

44
Q

action of vastus medialis

A

femoral nerve

45
Q

blood supply of vastus medialis

A

femoral artery

46
Q

vastus intermedius

A

anterior compartment of thigh

47
Q

proximal attachment of vastus intermedius

A

anterior surface of the femur

48
Q

distal attachment of vastus intermedius

A

patellar ligament> tibial tuberosity

49
Q

action of vastus intermedius

A

extends the knee

50
Q

innervation of vastus intermedius

A

femoral nerve

51
Q

blood supply of vastus intermedius

A

femoral artery

52
Q

gracilis

A

(medial compartment of thigh) “odd ball” most superficial muscle; thin and flattened, broad above, narrow and tapering below

53
Q

proximal attachment of gracilis

A

near pubic symphosis

54
Q

distal attachment of gracilis

A

anteriomedial side of proximal tibia

55
Q

action of gracilis

A

flexes, medially rotates, and adducts hop; flexes knee

56
Q

innervation of gracilis

A

obturator nerve

57
Q

blood supply of gracilis

A

medial circumflex femoral artery

58
Q

adductor longus

A

(medial compartment of thigh) skeletal muscle

59
Q

proximal attachment of adductor longus

A

near pubic symphosis

60
Q

distal attachment of adductor longus

A

linea aspera of femur

61
Q

action of adductor longus

A

adducts thigh; flexes hip

62
Q

innervation of adductor longus

A

obturator nerve

63
Q

blood supply of adductor longus

A

deep femoral artery

64
Q

adductor brevis

A

(medial compartment of thigh) situated immediately deep to the pectin is and adductor longus

65
Q

proximal attachment of adductor brevis

A

near pubic symphysis

66
Q

distal attachment of adductor brevis

A

lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur

67
Q

action of adductor brevis

A

adduction of thigh

68
Q

innervation of adductor brevis

A

obturator nerve

69
Q

blood supply of adductor brevis

A

deep femoral artery

70
Q

adductor magnus

A

(medial compartment of thigh) large triangular muscle situated on medial side of thigh

71
Q

proximal attachment of adductor magnus

A

near pubic symphysis

72
Q

distal attachment of adductor magnus

A

linea aspera of femur

73
Q

action of adductor magnus

A

adduction of hip, flexion of hip, extension of hip

74
Q

innervation of adductor magnus

A

obturator nerve, tibial nerve

75
Q

blood supply of adductor magnus

A

deep femoral artery

76
Q

biceps femoris

A

(posterior compartment of thigh) 2 parts, one of which (the long head) forms part of the hamstring muscle group

77
Q

proximal attachment of biceps femoris

A

pelvis-ishial tuberosity; femur- linea aspera

78
Q

distal attachment of biceps femoris

A

head of fibula

79
Q

action of biceps femoris

A

flexes knee, rotates knee laterally when knee is flexed

80
Q

innervation of biceps femoris

A

sciatic nerve; long head: tibial n, short head; common fibular nerve

81
Q

blood supply of biceps femoris

A

deep artery of thigh

82
Q

semitendinosus

A

(posterior compartment of thigh)

83
Q

proximal attachment of semitendinosus

A

ishial tuberosity

84
Q

distal attachment of semitendinosus

A

pesanerinus-anteromedial surface of proximal tibia

85
Q

action of semitendinosus

A

flexes knee; extends hip

86
Q

innervation of semitendinosus

A

sciatic N (tibial)

87
Q

blood supply of semitendinosus

A

deep artery of thigh

88
Q

semimembranous

A

(posterior compartment of thigh) medial of the 3; flat tendon and deep to semitendinosus

89
Q

proximal attachment of semimembranosus

A

ishial tuberosity

90
Q

distal attachment of semimembranosus

A

medial surface of proximal tibia

91
Q

action of semimembranosus

A

flexes knee; extends hip

92
Q

innervation of semimembranosus

A

sciatic n (tibial n)

93
Q

blood supply of semimembranosus

A

deep artery of thigh

94
Q

pes anserinus

A

common attachment leads to flexion of the knee; sartorius (anterior), gracilis (medial), semitendinosus (posterior)

Anatomy (16 decks)

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