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Anatomy > OV of Thorax & Resp > Flashcards

OV of Thorax & Resp Flashcards

1
Q

thorax

A

blinded by the rib cage and diaphragm, subdivided into 3 cavities

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2
Q

3 cavities of thorax

A

2 pulmonary, and mediastinum

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3
Q

2 pulmonary cavities

A

contain lungs, lined by pleura

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4
Q

mediastinum

A

contains heart in pericardial sac, also vessels, nerves, etc; found medially to pulmonary cavities

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5
Q

structures that pass through the thorax

A

anything going from head to neck (vicversa) esophagus

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6
Q

thoracic walls

A

add structure and support; ribs and costal cartilage (and sternum and vertebrae) intercostal muscles

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7
Q

intercostal muscles

A

1 muscle between each rib (costal=ribs)

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8
Q

diaphragm

A

separates abdominal and thoracic cavities; done shaped towards the bottom of rib cage

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9
Q

thoracic ventral rami=

A

intercostal nerves (motor&sensory)

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10
Q

anterior thoracic wall

A

ribs, parietal pleura, cut edge of diaphragm

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11
Q

pulmonary cavity

A

what lungs sit in

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12
Q

right lung has ____ lobes

A

3 lobes

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13
Q

left lung has ___ lobes

A

2 lobes

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14
Q

pleura

A

connective tissue surrounding the lungs

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15
Q

parietal pleura

A

the outer layer (tough); intervated by somatic nn (always in contact with rib cage)

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16
Q

visceral pleura

A

adheres to the organ; intervated by autonomic nn (cant feel much in lungs bc autonomic)

17
Q

intercostal nerves

A

found between ribs, arise from anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves and digestive tract; T1-T11 (somatic)

18
Q

vagus nerves

A

(parasympathetic) spread around esophagus, keep branching out to reach structures and bring out normal function; 10th cranial nerves

19
Q

mediastinum

A

central compartment of the thoracic cavity surrounded by loose connective tissue

20
Q

pericardium

A

tough connective tissue bad which contains the heart; 2 layers a serous layer and fibrous layer

21
Q

phrenic nerves

A

C3, C4, C5, keep a man alive; go to diaphragm (control breathing) somatic

22
Q

great vessels

A

superior vena cava, aorta, pulmonary trunk

23
Q

arteries

A

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (red)

24
Q

veins

A

carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart (blue)

25
Q

respiration

A

draws in new air (respiration and circulation are separate but intertwined functions)

26
Q

capillary bed

A

tiny branching blood vessels that network between arterial and venule

27
Q

diaphragm

A

dome shaped; attached to lungs by synovial fluid

28
Q

inspiration/inhalation

A

dome flattens and sits lower down when air comes in; chest expands

29
Q

expiration/exhalation

A

dome pushes up and chest flattens as air gets pushed out

30
Q

intercostal muscles working with diaphragm

A

the deeper we breathe, the more help we need from these muscles; intervated by intercostal nerves

31
Q

trachea

A

rings of cartilage hold it open (trunk)

32
Q

trachea splits into the…

A

right and left primary bronchus

33
Q

right primary bronchus

A

splits into superior, middle, and inferior (secondary/lobar bronchi), then into segmental bronchi, and finally alveoli

34
Q

left primary bronchus

A

splits into inferior and superior (secondary/lobar bronchi), then into segmental bronchi, and finally alveoli

35
Q

alveoli

A

lined with very thin epithelium (slimy substance instead of cartilage); allows for rapid gaseous exchange

36
Q

pulmonary arteries and veins

A

pumps blood to and from lungs (arteries: heart to lungs, veins: lungs to heart)

37
Q

CLINICAL: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A

caused by the wall of bleb (small sacks of air in lung tissue) which causes your lungs to lose surface area; due to this lungs try to expand to get more oxygen which pushes down your heart and diaphragm

38
Q

CLINICAL: Collapsed Lung

A

huge difference in pressure due to fluid or air in parietal or visceral plura of lung because the seal broke

Anatomy (16 decks)

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