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Anatomy > Overview of the Abs > Flashcards

Overview of the Abs Flashcards

1
Q

parts of abdominal wall

A

external oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, rectus abdominis muscle

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2
Q

external oblique muscle

A

most superficial layer, run at an angle from superior lateral to inferior medial

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3
Q

internal oblique muscle

A

run superior medial to inferior lager, antagonist to the diaphragm by compressing it back (exhalation)

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4
Q

transversus abdominis muscle

A

anterior and lateral layer of abdominal wall; deep to the internal oblique muscle

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5
Q

rectus abdominis muscle

A

(abs) muscles that run straight up and down and subdivided by connective tissue

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6
Q

in abdominal cavity

A

parietal peritoneum, mesentary, omenta, visceral peritoneum

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7
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities/body wall (shiny material on wall)

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8
Q

mesentary

A

peritoneum extensions, double layer of parietal peritoneum which connects wall to organ

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9
Q

omenta

A

double fold of peritoneum attached to stomach connecting to certain abdominal viscera (hang down like apron over gut)

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10
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs including the intestinal tract

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11
Q

MOST abdominal cavities are…

A

intrapepitoneal

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12
Q

intrapepitoneal

A

contained within peritoneal cavity, invested in a layer of visceral peritoneal (ex. liver, spleen, most intestines)

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13
Q

SOME abdominal cavities are…

A

Retroperitoneal

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14
Q

retroperitoneal

A

outside of peritoneal cavity, covered in their deep surface by parietal peritoneum; to dissect these organs, parietal peritoneum must be pulled off abdominal wall (ex. kidneys, parts of duodenum and colon)

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15
Q

Liver functions

A

detoxification of blood, production of digestive enzymes (turn unneeded things into useful digestive products)

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16
Q

how blood carries oxygen, nutrients, and other substances (hormones) to target organs

A

deoxygenated blood (nutrients)> heart> oxygenated blood (nutrients)> digestive tract (absorbed through intestines> partially deoxygenated blood (nutrients etc.)> liver (to get bad out)

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17
Q

inferior vena cava

A

tightly intertwined with liver

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18
Q

gall bladder

A

contains digestive enzymes (vagus nerves: parasympathetic)

19
Q

hilum

A

(contains common bile duct, hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery); big tubes heading in and out

20
Q

hepatic artery

A

branches off aorta to supply oxygenated blood to liver and other structures

21
Q

hepatic vein

A

transport deoxygenated blood and filtered blood to the inferior vena cava

22
Q

common bile duct

A

carry bile from gall bladder to empty in small intestine

23
Q

stomach

A

swelling of digestive tract (under laps liver)

24
Q

esophagus

A

passes through diaphragm

25
Q

rugae

A

folds in stomach wall

26
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

let’s good pass to go to intestines

27
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

let’s food go down to stomach, closes so food doesn’t go back up

28
Q

parts of small intestines

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, iliocecal junction

29
Q

duodenum

A

first part of intestines immediately beyond stomach, leads to jejunum

30
Q

jejunum

A

part of the small intestines between duodenum and ileum (bunch up at top left)

31
Q

ileum

A

final part of small intestines between jejunum and cecum (pouch connecting to junction of small and large intestines) (bunch at bottom right)

32
Q

iliocecal junction

A

small intestine ends to open into cecal portion of large intestines

33
Q

parts of the large intestines (colon)

A

ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum

34
Q

ascending

A

first main part, passed upward from cecum on right side of abdomen

35
Q

transverse

A

middle part, passed from right to left

36
Q

descending

A

part that passes downward on left side of abdomen towards the rectum

37
Q

sigmoid

A

S-shaped at bottom, last part, leads into rectum

38
Q

rectum

A

final section of large intestines, terminates at anus

39
Q

pancreas

A

large gland behind stomach, secretes digestive enzymes to duodenum (blood sugar regulation and digestive enzymes)

40
Q

spleen

A

takes out bad blood cells; opens in sponge like way

41
Q

kidneys

A

composed of waste and extra fluid; located below rib cage on sides of spine (we have 2)

42
Q

adrenal gland

A

endocrine glands that produce varieties of adrenaline and steroids

43
Q

appendix

A

tube shaped sac attached to and opening into the lower end of the large intestines

Anatomy (16 decks)

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