Thigh & Knee

Question 1

Adductor brevis

Answer 1

O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Linea aspera of femur (upper third of the medial lip)
A: Hip adduction and flexion (up to 70°)
Thigh external rotation
Hip extension (past 80° of flexion)
Pelvis stabilisation (coronal and sagittal)
In: Obturator n. (L2, L3)

Question 2

Adductor longus

Answer 2

O: Superior pubic ramus (lateral to the pubic symphisis)
I: Lower two-thirds of the medial lip of the linea aspera on the posterior surface
A: Hip adduction and flexion (up to 70°)
Thigh external rotation
Hip extension (past 80° of flexion)
Pelvis stabilisation (coronal and sagittal)
In: Obturator n. (L2-L4)

Question 3

Adductor magnus

Answer 3

O:
Adductor part: Inferior pubic surface and ischial ramus
Ischiocondylar part: Ischial tuberosity
I:
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (medial lip), medial supracondylar line
Ischiocondylar part: Adductor tubercle of femur
A:
Adductor part: Hip adduction, thight flexion and external rotation
Ischiocondylar part: Hip extension and slight internal rotation
In: Obturator n. (L2-L4) and tibial division of sciatic n. (L4)

Question 4

Gracilis

Answer 4

O: Inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus
I: Medial border of the tibia via pes anserinus
tendon
A: Hip flexion and adduction
Knee flexion and internal rotation
In: Obturator n. (L2, L3)

Question 5

Sartorius

Answer 5

O: ASIS
I: Medial border of the tibia via pes anserinus
tendon
A: Hip abduction, flexion, and external rotation
Knee flexion and internal rotation
In: Femoral n. (L2, L3)

Question 6

Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

Answer 6

O: ASIS
I: Gerdy’s tubercle via the iliotibial tract
A: Hip: flexion, internal rotation and slight abduction
Knee external rotation and weak flexion
Tenses the fascia lata
In: Superior Gluteal n. (L4-S1)

Question 7

Rectus femoris

Answer 7

O: AIIS and supraacetabular groove
I: Anterior Tibial Tuberosity via the patellar lig.
A: Slight Hip flexion
Knee extension
In: Femoral n. (L2-L4)

Question 8

Vastus intermedius

Answer 8

O: Anterior surface of femoral shaft
I: Anterior Tibial Tuberosity via patellar lig.
A: Knee extension
In: Femoral n. (L2-L4)

Question 9

Vastus medialis

Answer 9

O: Medial lip of linea aspera and medial suprachondylar ridge of femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.,
and medial patellar retinaculum
A: Knee extension and medial patella glide
In: Femoral n. (L2-L4)

Question 10

Vastus lateralis

Answer 10

O: Lateral lip of linea aspera, greater trochanter (lateral surface) and intertrochanteric line
I: Tibial Tuberosity via patellar lig., and lateral patellar retinaculum
A: Knee extension and lateral patella glide
In: Femoral n. (L2-L4)

Question 11

Biceps femoris (Long and Short head)

Answer 11

O:
Long: Ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament (common head with semitendinosus)
Short: lateral lip of linea aspera (middle third)
I: Head of fibula
A: Hip extension
Knee flexion, external rotation
Pelvic Stabilisation (sagittal)
In:
Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

Question 12

Semitendinosus

Answer 12

O: Ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament (common head with biceps femoris)
I: Medial border of the tibia via pes anserinus (along with the tendons of gracilis and sartorius)
tendon
A: Hip extension
Knee flexion and internal rotation
Pelvic stabilisation (sagittal)
In: Tibial branch of sciatic n. (L5-S2)

Question 13

Semimembranosus

Answer 13

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial tibial condyle
A: Hip extension and internal rotation
Knee flexion and internal rotation
Pelvic stabilisation (sagital)
In: Tibial branch of sciatic n. (L5-S2)