Abdominal wall

Question 1

Rectus abdominis

Answer 1

O: Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs, xyphoid process
I: Crest of pubis
A: Flexion lumbar spine; Compression of abdomen, (active in expiration)
In: Intercostales nn., Subcostal n.

Question 2

External oblique

Answer 2

O: Outer surface of 5th-12th ribs
I: External lip of the iliac crest, rectus sheat, linea alba, pubic tubercle
A:
Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion and controlateral rotation of the trunk
Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation, (active in expiration)
In: Intercostal nn., subcostal n.

Question 3

Internal oblique

Answer 3

O: Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, ASIS, inguinal ligament
I: Lower border of the 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, rectus sheat
A:
Unilateral: ipsilateral inclination and rotation of the trunk
Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation, (active in expiration)
In: Intercostal nn., subcostal n., ilioinguinal n.

Question 4

Transversus abdominis

Answer 4

O: Inner surface of 7th-12th costal cartilage, Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, ASIS, inguinal ligament
I: Rectus sheat, linea alba
A:
Bilateral: compression of abdomen, (active in expiration)
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of the trunk
In: Subcostal n., ilioinguinal n.

Question 5

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 5

O: Iliac crest
I: 12th rib, Costal process of L1- L4
A:
Bilateral: lumbar extension
Unilateral: ipsilateral inclination of the trunk
In: Subcostal n.