thigh and knee Flashcards

1
Q

Bony points

A
medial and lateral condyles/ epicondyles of the femur
medial and lateral condyles of the tibia
adductor tubercle
patella
tibial tuberosity
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2
Q

Knee joint

A
  • hinge joint - flexion, extension
  • lined with hyaline cartilage
  • has medial/ lateral menisci (fibrocartilage) to deepen articular surface of tibia (stabilize) and act as a shock absorber
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3
Q

knee ligaments

A

collateral ligaments: stabilise hinge joint
- medial collat: medial epi femur to medial condyle tibia
- lateral collat: lateral epi femur to lateral fibular head
cruciate ligaments
- anterior: prevents anterior dislocation
- posterior - prevents post dislocation

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4
Q

patella tendon

A

continuation of quadriceps femoris tendon - attaches to the tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

superior tibiofibular joint

A
  • plane joint - bones glide over each other to create movement
  • supported by hyaline cartilage, TF ligaments and lateral collateral lig
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6
Q

Rectus femoris

A

A: extension of the knee
O: AIIS
I: tibial tuberosity
N: femoral

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7
Q

vastus medialis

A

A: extension of the knee
O: medial lip of linea aspera
I: tibial tuberosity
N: femoral

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8
Q

vastus lateralis

A

A: extension of the knee
O: lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, greater trochanter
I: tibial tuberosity
N: femoral

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9
Q

Iliotibial tract

A

A: acts as an extensor, abductor and lateral rotator of the hip and helps stabilize the knee joint
O: iliac tubercle
I: lateral tibial condyle

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10
Q

sartorius

A

A: flex and laterally rotate hip, flex and medially rotate flex knee
O: ASIS
I: prox, medial shaft of tibia
N: femoral

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11
Q

bicep femoris

A

A: Flex and laterally rotate the flexed knee, (long head) extends the hip
O: long head: ischial tuberosity, short head: lateral lip of linea aspera
I: head of fibula
N: sciatic – tibial branch

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12
Q

semimembranosus

A

A: Flex and medially rotate the flexed knee, extend the hip
O: ischial tuberosity
I: posterior medial condyle of tibia
N: sciatic – tibial branch

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13
Q

semitendinosus

A

A: Flex and medially rotate flexed knee, extend the hip
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial shaft of tibia
N: sciatic – tibial branch

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14
Q

gastrocnemius

A

A: flex the knee and planter flex the ankle
O: femoral condyles
I: calcaneus
N: tibial

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15
Q

soleus

A

A: plantar flex the ankle
O: soleal line, prox/posterior tibia surface
I: calcaneus
N: tibial

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16
Q

adductor magnus

A

A: adduct and medially rotate the hip and assist hip flexion, posterior fibres help extension
O: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus if ischium, ischial tuberosity
I: adductor tubercle and medial lip of linea aspera
N: obturator/ sciatic

17
Q

popliteal lymph nodes

A
  • Small in size, found embedded in fat reserves in the popliteal fossa
  • Efferent vessels of popliteal nodes pass alongside femoral vessels to empty into the deep inguinal nodes
  • Some accompany the great saphenous vein
18
Q

Great saphenous vein

A
  • dorsal venous arch/ dorsal vein of big toe - ascends medial side of leg and medial malleolus to medial condyle of knee - terminates in fem triangle @ fem vein
19
Q

pulse

A

popliteal pulse

20
Q

Sciatic nerve

A
  • nerve root: L4-S3 - lubar plexus - leaves pelvis entering gluteal reg via GSForamen - inferior piriformis - descends inferiolateral - posterior thigh. Teminates @ popliteal fossa, divide into tibial/ common peroneal nerve
  • motor: hamstrings/ part adductor magnus
  • sensory: no DIRECT cutaneous fuction