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physio glossary > Leg and foot > Flashcards

Leg and foot Flashcards

1
Q

Bony points

A 
shaft of tibia
medial and lateral malleoli 
peroneal tubercle
tuberosity of navicular
head of talus
cuneiform
base of 5th metatarsal 
cuboid
sustentaculum tali
metatarsal heads
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2
Q

talocural joint (ankle)

A
  • hinge joints (tibia, fibula and talus bones)
  • dorsi and plantar flexion
  • stabilized by medial and lateral ligaments
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3
Q

ligaments of the ankle

A

medial = deltoid ligament (medial malleolus - talus, calcaneous and navicular)
lateral - anterior and posterior talofibular lig and calcaneofibular

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4
Q

inferior (distal) tibiofibular joint

A
  • fibrous joint - joined by fibrous tissue

- supported by interosseous membrane and the TF ligaments

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5
Q

Transverse tarsal joint

A
  • “S” shaped line = talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint

- joint provides extension

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6
Q

Tarsometatarsal joint

A
  • gliding joints

- between metatarsal bases and tarsal bones

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7
Q

metatarsophalangeal joint

A
  • ellipsoid joint

- metatarsal heads and proximal phalanx

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8
Q

interphalangeal joint

A
  • hinge joint

- between phalanges

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9
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

A: flex the knee and planter flex the ankle
O: femoral condyles
I: calcaneus
N: tibial

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10
Q

Soleus

A

A: plantar flex the ankle
O: soleal line, prox/posterior tibia surface
I: calcaneus
N: tibial

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11
Q

peroneus longus

A

A: eversion and plantar flexion of the foot
O: top lateral surface of fibula
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
N: superficial fibular

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12
Q

peroneus brevis

A

A: Eversion of the foot
O: surface of fibular shaft, descends into tendon with peroneus longus
I: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
N: superficial fibular

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13
Q

tibialis anterior

A

A: invert the foot and dorsi flex the ankle
O: lateral tibial condyle, prox/lateral surface of the tibia
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
N: deep fibular

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14
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

A: extend the 1st toe, invert the foot and dorsi flex the ankle
O: mid/ anterior surface of fibular
I: distal phalanx of 1st toe
N: deep fibular

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15
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

A: extend the 2nd – 5th toes, evert the foot and dorsi flex the ankle
O: lateral tibial condyle, prox/anterior shaft of tibia
I: middle and distal phalanges of 2nd – 5th toe
N: deep fibular

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16
Q

tibialis posterior

A

A: invert the foot and plantar flex the ankle
O: prox/posterior shaft of tibia/ fibula
I: all 5 tarsal bones/ bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
N: tibial

17
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A

A: flex the 2nd-5th toes, weak plantar flexion of ankle and invert the food
O: middle, posterior surface of tibia
I: distal phalanges of 2nd – 5th toes
N: tibial

18
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

A: flex the 1st toe, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, invert of foot
O: middle half of posterior fibular
I: distal phalanx of 1st toe
N: tibial

19
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A

A: flex 5th toe, assist to abduct 5th toe
O: lateral calcaneus
I: prox phalax of 5th toe
N: tibial

20
Q

abductor hallucis

A

A: abduct the 1st toe, assist flexion of 1st toe
O: medial calcaneus
I: prox phalanx of 1st toe, medial sesamoid bone
-N: tibial

21
Q

extensor digitorum brevis

A

A: extend the 2nd – 4th toes O: dorsal of calcaneus
I: 2nd- 4th toes
N: deep fibula

22
Q

Small saphenous vein

A
  • formed by dorsal arch of foot + dorsal vein of little toe - ascends posterior side of leg and lateral malleolus - empties into popliteal vein at pop. fossa
23
Q

great saphenous vein

A
  • dorsal venous arch/ dorsal vein of big toe - ascends medial side of leg and medial malleolus to medial condyle of knee - terminates in fem triangle @ fem vein
24
Q

pulses

A

anterior tibial
posterior tibial
dorsalis pedis

25
Q

Deep peroneal nerve

A
  • nerve root: L4-S1 - sciatic nerve - common peroneal at neck of femur divide here - superolateral aspect of leg - moves from lateral to anterior - pass between TA and EDL - crosses ankle joint - terminates on dorsum of foot
  • motor: TA, EHL, EDL
  • sensory: webbed space between big toe/2nd
26
Q

Superficial peroneal nerve

A
  • nerve root: L4-S1 - common fib - neck of fibula, descend lateral of EDL - descend anterolateral - terminates / into medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves
  • motor: peroneal longus/brevis (evert)
  • sensory: anterolateral leg/ dorsum foot

physio glossary (8 decks)

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