spine and trunk

Question 1

Bony points

Answer 1

transverse process of C1
spinous processes of cervical
spinous processes of thoracic
spinous and transverse processes of lumbar
sacrum
coccyx
ribs/ costal cartilages
sternum
jugular notch

Question 2

Scalene O/I

Answer 2

O: transverse process of cervical
I: 1st/ 2nd rib

Question 3

Scalene actions

Answer 3

laterally flex head to same side and rotate the head to same side

Question 4

sternocleidomastoid O/I

Answer 4

O: top of manubrium and medial clavicle
I: mastoid process

Question 5

Sternocleidomastoid actions

Answer 5

laterally flex the head to the same side and rotate the head to the opposite side

Question 6

levator scapulae O/I

Answer 6

O: T process of C1 - C4
I: medial scapular (superior) angle

Question 7

levator scapulae actions

Answer 7

elevate, downwardly rotate the scapula and laterally flex/rotate the head to the same side

Question 8

trapezius O/I

Answer 8

O: occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchaen and spinous process of C7-T12
I: lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 9

trapezius actions

Answer 9

upper fibers: laterally flex/ rotate head at same side, elevate scapula

middle: adduct scapula
lower: depress and upwardly rotate scapula

Question 10

erector spinae O/I

Answer 10

O: common tendon (sacrum, s.processes of lumbar and thoracic, iliac crest)
I: posterior ribs, t-processes lumbar/cervical and mastoid process

Question 11

erector spinae actions

Answer 11

laterally flex vertebrae to same side and extends

Question 12

quadratus lumborum actions

Answer 12

laterally tilt pelvis, laterally flex vertebrae to same side

Question 13

quadratus lumborum O/I

Answer 13

O: posterior iliac crest
I: last rib, t processes L1-L4

Question 14

Muscles of abdominal wall

Answer 14

rectus abdominus
external and internal obliques
transverse abdominous

Question 15

rectus ab O/I

Answer 15

O: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
I: cartilage of rib, xiphoid process

Question 16

rectus ab actions

Answer 16

flex the vertebrae

Question 17

external obliques O/I

Answer 17

O: external surface of rib
I: anterior iliac crest

Question 18

external oblique actions

Answer 18

laterally flex/ rotate to opposite side of vertebra

Question 19

internal obliques O/I

Answer 19

O: inguinal ligament, iliac crest and iliotibial tract
I: internal surface of lower 3 ribs

Question 20

internal oblique actions

Answer 20

laterally flex/ rotate to same side of vertebra

Question 21

Axillary lymph nodes

Answer 21

• majorly found underarm
• responsible for receiving lymph from vessels dain the arm, the walls of the thorax, the breast and the upper walls of the abdomen
• divided into 5 groups for which receive and drain in different area of the axilla

Question 22

axillary pulse

Answer 22

up in the axilla

Question 23

axillary nerve

Answer 23

• continuation of posterior brachial plexus
• anterior to subscapularis, exits axilla via quadrangular space, pass medial to neck of humerus where it divides
• motor: teres minor, deltoid
• sensory: skin over deltoids