Thigh Flashcards
Describe the femur (8)
Head of femur Neck of femur Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter Medial condyle Lateral condyle Patella Tibial tuberosity
What are the hip flexors?
Iliacus
Psoas
Rectus femoris
What are the quadriceps muscles?
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
What are the hip ligaments?
Anterior:
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Posterior:
Ischiofemoral
What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the thigh? (5)
Sartorius Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedialis
What muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh? (4)
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
What muscles make up the posterior comprment of the thigh? (3)
Biceps femoris (long head and short head)
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
What would happen if then the femoral nerve is damaged?
Loss of knee jerk, weakness of extension of the knee
What is the venous supply of the thigh?
Long saphenous vein (superficial V - drains the entire medial limb)
Short saphenous vein (drains the calf)
Femoral vein (deep V)
What prevents lateral dislocation of the patella?
Active: medial fibres of vastus medialis - keeps patella central
Passive: lateral ridge of patellar groove is higher than medial ridge - greater mechanical resistance to movement
What are the adductors of the leg?
Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Gracilis
What muscles form the borders of the femoral triangle? (3)
Sartorius
Inguinal ligament
Adductor longus
What muscle forms the floor of the femoral triangle? (3)
Iliacus
Psoas
Pectineus
What does the femoral triangle transmit?
Femoral artery
Femoral nerve
Femoral vein
(NAVY)
What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?
Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
What nerve runs along the medial border of psoas major?
Obturator (L2, 3, 4)
Which muscle has a hamstring portion?
Adductor magnus - hamstring and adductor portion
Which nerve sits between adductor longus and adductor brevis?
Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
What is the fascia on the lateral aspect of the thigh?
Iliotibial tract
What are the glutes?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Sciatic nerve
What muscles form the popliteal fossa?
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Which part of the bum would you give an IM injection?
Upper outer segment: only muscle w/bone underneath
What do the popliteal arteries divide into?
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Peroneal artery
What muscles are deep to gluteus maximus?
Piriformis muscle
Glemellus (superior & inferior)
Quadratus femoris
What is compromised if the neck of the femur is broken?
The blood supply to the head of the femur –> necrosis
What prevents the hip joint from dislocating?
Fibrocartilaginous labrum captures the head of the femur
What does the anterior cruciate ligament do?
Resists anterior translation of the tibia
What does the posterior cruciate ligament do?
Resists posterior translation of the tibia
What does the medial collateral ligament do?
Resists valgus force on the knee
What does the lateral collateral ligament do?
Resists varus force on the knee
At what degree of flexion of the knee is the ACL completely taut?
30 degrees - abnormal twisting force can cause rupture
What are menisci and what do they do?
Fibrocartilaginous structures
Increase SA for weight bearing
What is the medial meniscus?
C-shaped –> more fixed
What is the lateral meniscus?
O-shaped –> mobile - can move out of the way
