Thigh

Question 1

Describe the femur (8)

Answer 1

Head of femur
Neck of femur
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Medial condyle
Lateral condyle
Patella
Tibial tuberosity

Question 2

What are the hip flexors?

Answer 2

Iliacus
Psoas
Rectus femoris

Question 3

What are the quadriceps muscles?

Answer 3

Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius

Question 4

What are the hip ligaments?

Answer 4

Anterior:
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral

Posterior:
Ischiofemoral

Question 5

What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the thigh? (5)

Answer 5

Sartorius 
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedialis

Question 6

What muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh? (4)

Answer 6

Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis

Question 7

What muscles make up the posterior comprment of the thigh? (3)

Answer 7

Biceps femoris (long head and short head)
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

Question 8

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 8

Femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Question 9

What would happen if then the femoral nerve is damaged?

Answer 9

Loss of knee jerk, weakness of extension of the knee

Question 10

What is the venous supply of the thigh?

Answer 10

Long saphenous vein (superficial V - drains the entire medial limb)
Short saphenous vein (drains the calf)
Femoral vein (deep V)

Question 11

What prevents lateral dislocation of the patella?

Answer 11

Active: medial fibres of vastus medialis - keeps patella central
Passive: lateral ridge of patellar groove is higher than medial ridge - greater mechanical resistance to movement

Question 12

What are the adductors of the leg?

Answer 12

Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Gracilis

Question 13

What muscles form the borders of the femoral triangle? (3)

Answer 13

Sartorius
Inguinal ligament
Adductor longus

Question 14

What muscle forms the floor of the femoral triangle? (3)

Answer 14

Iliacus
Psoas
Pectineus

Question 15

What does the femoral triangle transmit?

Answer 15

Femoral artery
Femoral nerve
Femoral vein
(NAVY)

Question 16

What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 16

Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Question 17

What nerve runs along the medial border of psoas major?

Answer 17

Obturator (L2, 3, 4)

Question 18

Which muscle has a hamstring portion?

Answer 18

Adductor magnus - hamstring and adductor portion

Question 19

Which nerve sits between adductor longus and adductor brevis?

Answer 19

Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Question 20

What is the fascia on the lateral aspect of the thigh?

Answer 20

Iliotibial tract

Question 21

What are the glutes?

Answer 21

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

Question 22

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 22

Sciatic nerve

Question 23

What muscles form the popliteal fossa?

Answer 23

Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris

Question 24

Which part of the bum would you give an IM injection?

Answer 24

Upper outer segment: only muscle w/bone underneath

Question 25

What do the popliteal arteries divide into?

Answer 25

Anterior tibial artery Posterior tibial artery Peroneal artery

Question 26

What muscles are deep to gluteus maximus?

Answer 26

Piriformis muscle Glemellus (superior & inferior) Quadratus femoris

Question 27

What is compromised if the neck of the femur is broken?

Answer 27

The blood supply to the head of the femur --> necrosis

Question 28

What prevents the hip joint from dislocating?

Answer 28

Fibrocartilaginous labrum captures the head of the femur

Question 29

What does the anterior cruciate ligament do?

Answer 29

Resists anterior translation of the tibia

Question 30

What does the posterior cruciate ligament do?

Answer 30

Resists posterior translation of the tibia

Question 31

What does the medial collateral ligament do?

Answer 31

Resists valgus force on the knee

Question 32

What does the lateral collateral ligament do?

Answer 32

Resists varus force on the knee

Question 33

At what degree of flexion of the knee is the ACL completely taut?

Answer 33

30 degrees - abnormal twisting force can cause rupture

Question 34

What are menisci and what do they do?

Answer 34

Fibrocartilaginous structures | Increase SA for weight bearing

Question 35

What is the medial meniscus?

Answer 35

C-shaped --> more fixed

Question 36

What is the lateral meniscus?

Answer 36

O-shaped --> mobile - can move out of the way