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ANAT 392 > Thigh > Flashcards

Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

L1 sensory innervation of anterior thigh

A

Ilio hypogastric - lower anterior abdominal wall
Femoral branch of Genito femoral - upper 1/3 of anterior thigh below lingual ligament
Ilio lingual - upper 1/3 medial thigh and external genitalia

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2
Q

L2 & L3 sensory intervation of anterior thigh

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous - L2 &L3 to lateral aspect of thigh
Anterior branch of obturator - L3 to middle 1/3 of medial thigh
Ant. And medial femoral cutaneous - L2&L3 to distal 2/3 of anterior thigh and distal 1/3 of medial thigh

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3
Q

Posterior sensory innervation of thigh

A

Ilio hypogastric - L1 upper lateral gluteal
Dorsal rami L1-L3 - medial gluteal region
Dorsal rami s1-S3 - posterior sacrum
Lateral femoral cutaneous - L2&L3 distal 2/3 of lateral thigh
Ant branch of obturator - L3 to medial aspect of middle 1/3 of post thigh
Post femoral cutaneous- S1-S3 to middle of posterior thigh from gluteal fold and below
Medial femoral cutaneous- L3 to distal 1/3 of medial thigh

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4
Q

Pathway of greater saphenous vein

A

1 inch medial from medial malleolus, 4 inch posterior of medial patella , drains into saphenous vein at saphenous hiatus (2 inch away and 1 inch below public tubercle)

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5
Q

Lesser saphenous vein pathway

A

1 Inch behind lateral malleolus, posterior leg, through adductor hiatus, turns into popliteal vein, through adductor canal and turns into femoral vein

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6
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: ASIS
I: medial aspect of medial tibial condyle
Innervation: femoral nerve
F: hip flexion and lateral rotation, knee flexion and medial rotation when knee flexed

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7
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: shaft of femur
I: QF tendon
I: femoral nerve
F: prime mover for extension of knee and some hip flexion

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8
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: straight head - AIIS
Reflected head - shallow groove on acetabulum
I: QF tendon
I: femoral nerve
F: extension of knee and some hip flexion

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9
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: shaft of femur
I: QF tendon
I: femoral nerve
F: extension of knee and some hip flexion

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10
Q

VMO

A

O: lowest VM fibers
I: medial patella
I: femoral nerve
F: prevent lateral dislocation of patella at end range of knee extension

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11
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: shaft of femur
I: QF tendon
I: femoral nerve
F: extension of knee and some hip flexion

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12
Q

Pectineus

A

O: pecten of pubis
I: pectineal line
I: anterior division of obturator nerve
F: adduction and flexion of hip

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13
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O: body of pubis
I: posterior proximal femur and upper 1/3 linea aspera
I: anterior division of obturator nerve
F: adduction of hip

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14
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: body of pubis
I: middle 1/ 3?linea aspera
I: anterior division of obturator nerve
F: adduction of hip

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15
Q

Gracilis

A

O: body of pubis
I: medial condole of tibia
I: anterior division of obturator nerve
F: adduct hip and medial knee rotation in knee flexion

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16
Q

Adductor magnus

ischiofemoral

A

O: ischiofemoral - ischiopubic ramus
I: linea aspera
I: post branch obturator nerve
F: prime hip adductor

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17
Q

Adductor magnus
Ischiocondylar

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: adductor tubercle
I: tibial division sciatic nerve
F: extend hip

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18
Q

Obturator externus

A

O: obturator membrane and boney region of obturator foremen margin
I: med. greater trochanter
I: post obturator
F: lateral hip rotation

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19
Q

Femoral triangle border

A

Superior: Inguinal ligament
Medial: adductor longus
Lateral: sartorius

20
Q

Femoral triangle content medial to lateral

A

Femoral vein (intermediate compartment of sheath), femoral artery (lateral compartment of shear), femoral nerve

21
Q

Femoral artery pathway

A

Passes inguinal ligament where it turns from external iliac to femoral artery
Passes through triangle and through adductor canal
Through hiatus and then changes to popliteal artery

22
Q

Deep femoral artery branches

A
  • Lateral and medial circumflex arteries circles around proximal end of femur
  • 4 perforating arteries that pass through adductor magnus insertion
23
Q

Saphenus nerve

A

Splits from femoral nerve near femoral triangle and travels medially. Crosses knee joint and enters leg on medial side

24
Q

Obturator nerve

A

Mixed nerve from L2,3,4
Anterior branch (anterior to adductor brevis)
- sensory: middle 1/3 of medial thigh
- motor: adductor muscles aside from Magnus and obturator externus
Posterior branch: posterior to brevis
- motor: adductor Magnus and obturator externus

25
Q

Biceps femoris
Long head

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: head of fibula
I: tibial division
F: prime mover knee flexion, some hip extension and when knee is flexed, lateral tibial rotation

26
Q

Biceps femoral
Short head

A

O: shaft of femur
I: head of fibula
I: common fibular division
F: prime mover knee flexion, some hip extension and when knee is flexed, lateral tibial rotation

27
Q

Semi tendinosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia (pes anserine)
I: tibial division
F: flex knee and extension of hip. When knee flexed, medial knee rotation

28
Q

Semi membranosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: shallow groove medial to medial
Condyle of tibia
I: tibial division
F: flex knee and extension of hip. When knee flexed, medial knee rotation

29
Q

Politeus

A

O; lat epicondlye of femur
I: posterior tibia above soleal line
I: tibial div
F: open chain: med knee rotation
Closed chain: femur lateral rotation and assist in knee flexion

30
Q

Bifurcation of sciatic nerve

A

Junction of Proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 on posterior thigh

31
Q

Head of femur blood supply

A

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

32
Q

Most important blood supply to posterior thigh

A

Perforating arteries from deep
Femoral artery
- penetrate through adductor Magnus

33
Q

Knee joint type and articulating surfaces

A

Synovial joint
1. Tibiofemoral joint - tibial plate and femoral condyle (modified hinge joint)
2. Patelo femoral- patellar groove and posterior aspect of patella (planar joint)

34
Q

Extrinsic knee ligaments

A

Patellar - from patella to tibial tuberosity
Medial collateral ligament - medial femoral epicondyle to medial proximal tibia
- some fibers blend with capsule
LCL- lateral epicondle to head of fibula
PCL- posterior intercondylar area to medial femoral condyle
ACL - anterior intercondylar area to lateral femoral condyke

35
Q

Function of ACL & PCL

A

Antero posterior stability
PCL: prevent posterior glide of tibia against femur
Ant: prevent anterior glide of tibia against femur

36
Q

Menisci attachments

A

Anterior and posterior Horns are only bony attachment of menisci
Both anterior horns are attached to transverse ligament
Medial menisci : attached to fibrous capsule of joint (and therefore indirect attachment to MCL)
Lateral meniscus: attached to popliteus tendon

37
Q

Movement of menisci

A

Lateral glides 2x as much as medial meniscus (can accommodate better and therefore less injured)

38
Q

Meniscus function

A

In extension: shock absorbers
Flexion: increase congruency between convex posterior femur and flat tibial plate

39
Q

Which muscles provides posterior knee stability

A

Popliteus
- pulls lateral meniscus posterior in flexion to prevent impingement

40
Q

Most stable knee position

A

Extension
- MCL and LCL become stretched and stable when knee is laterally rotated and extended
- medial rotation increases stretch and stability in cruciate ligaments

41
Q

Supra patellar bursa

A

Extension of synovial membrane
- articularis genus pulls this up in knee extension to prevent impingement

42
Q

Support of knee fibrous membrane

A

Medial: MCL (attached to capsule)
Lateral: LCL (not attached) and ITB (some attachment)
Post: oblique popliteal ligament (extension of semi membranous tendon) and
Ant: quad tendon

43
Q

Knee joint gliding vs rotation in flexion

A

0-20 degrees of flexion = rolling
20-90: rolling gradually relaxed by gliding
90+ : gliding (comes with increased friction and OA risk)

44
Q

Proximal tibio fibular joint ligaments

A

Joint between head of fibula and fibular facet on tibia
Support:
Anterior and posterior ligament
Interosseous membrane

45
Q

Poplietal fossa borders

A

Superior med: semi mebranosus and tendinosus
Superior lat: biceps femoris
Inferior lat: lat gastric and plantar
Inferior med: medial gastroc head

46
Q

Popliteal fossa content

A

Tibial nerve (most superficial)
Common fibular nerve
Popliteal vein (mid layer)
Popliteal artery (deepest)

47
Q

What makes the Sural nerve

A

Communicating sural from common fibular division and medial sural nerve from tibial division

ANAT 392 (9 decks)

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