Abdomen Pelvis And glutes Flashcards
Visceral branches of the abdominal aorta
Lumbar arteries - 4 that arise from corresponding lumbar vertebrae ending at L4
Parietal branches of abdominal aorta
- origin and supply
Celiac trunk - from T12 to stomach, liver spleen and upper duodenum
Superior mesenteric - T12,L1 to remained of duodenum, small intestine, half of larger intestine
Inferior mesenteric - L3 to supply rest of large intestine, the rectum and anal canal
Renal - L1 to kidneys
Subcostal nerve origin and innervation
mixed nerve from T12
- sensory to below umbilicus and above pubis symphysis
Iliohypogastric origin and innervation
mixed nerve from L1
- sensory to posterior lateral gluteal region and pubic area
Motor to abdominal muscles
Ilio lingual
Mixed nerve from L1
- sensory to external genitalia and upper 1/3 medial thigh
Motor to abdominal muscles
Genitofemoral
Mixed nerve from L1&L2
- genital is motor in men and supplying cremaster muscle. This muscle is not fully developed in women
- femoral is sensory and supplies upper 1/3 anterior thigh
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Sensory from L2 L3
- supplies anterior lateral thigh skin
Femoral nerve
Mixed nerve from L2-L4 that enters thigh
Obturator nerve
Mixed nerve from L2-L4
- sensory to medial thigh
- motor to thigh
Relative position of lumbar plexus nerve to piriformis
Subcostal, iliohypogastric and lilio lingual are above
Femoral and Lateral femoral cutaneus is lateral
Obturator is medial
Genito femoral is anterior
Where are primary sympathetic neurons housed?
Lateral horn T1-L2
Para vertebral ganglion
Chains of ganglion on each side of vertebral column that primary sympathetic neurons communicate with
Pre vertebral ganglion
Chain of ganglion where primary sympathetic neurons do their synapses if they by pass the para vertebral ganglion
- found in front of abdominal aorta
parasympathetic neurons pathway
Nerve fibers start at Lateral horn S2-S4 or brainstem and do their synapse in or very close to target organ. Short post ganglion fibers innervate final site on target organ
Sympathetic sphlanic nerve
The nerves that bypass para vertebral ganglion
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Parasympathetic nerve fibers arising from S2-S4 going innervate pelvic viscera
Gluteal region borders
Superior: iliac crest
Lateral: lateral border of lower limb
Medial: mediosacral crest
Inferior: gluteal fold
Cluneal nerves
Superior cluneal: dorsal rami L1-L3
Medial: S1-S3 spinal nerves
Inferior: posterior cutaneous femoral
Lateral:ilio hypogastric L1
Trendelenburg sign
When one side of the glute med is paralyzed then taking off with the opposite leg that hip will drop. To compensate the person bends to the weak side
Articulating surfaces of the hip joint
Lunate surface of acetabulum
Head of femur
Synoviaal membrane function and supply
Produced synovial fluid to lubricate the hip joint. Covers fovea capitis and head of femur
Cruciate anastomosis
Inferior gluteal artery
Femoral artery
- lateral circumflex artery
- medial circumflex artery
First perforating artery
Anastemose by 10-13years. Prior, round ligament supplies head and neck of femur
Intrinsic hip ligaments
Iliofemoral ; between ilium and femur
Pubifemoral: between pubic bone and femur
Ischiofemoral: between ischium and femur
Intrinsic hip
Ligament function
Stabilize hip joint
- anteriorly there is more
Ligaments support vs posterior aspect there is more muscle support
- anterior ligaments are stretched and tight in posterior pelvic tilt
- we naturally stand in posterior pelvic tilt as COG falls behind the hip joint
-
Closed pack position
When the hop is maximally supported and articulating surfaces are closest together
- hip extension, abduction aNd lateral rotation
Glute max
Origin: lateral surface ischium, behind posterior gluteal line, posterior surface sacrum
Insertion: ITB, gluteal tuberosity
Interaction: inferior gluteal nerve
Function: prime hip extensor, some lateral rotation, stabilizes knee while in ext
Gluteus medius
Origin: between posterior Nd anterior gluteal line
Insertion: lateral surface greater trochanter
Interaction: superior gluteal nerve
Function: prime hip abductor
Gluteas minimus
Origin: between anterior and inferior gluteal line
Insertion: anterior surface greater trochanter
Interaction: superior gluteal never
Function: assists with hip abduction and flexion
TFL
Origin: on iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle
Insertion: Gerdys tubercle
Innervation: super gluteal
Function: stabalize knee while in extension
Superior gemellus
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter
Innervation: direct branch sacral plexus
Inferior gemellus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter
Innervation: direct branch sacral plexus
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: quadrate tubercle on inter trochanteric crest
Innervation: direct branch of sacral plexus
Function: prime lateral hip rotator
