Abdomen Pelvis And glutes

Question 1

Visceral branches of the abdominal aorta

Answer 1

Lumbar arteries - 4 that arise from corresponding lumbar vertebrae ending at L4

Question 2

Parietal branches of abdominal aorta
- origin and supply

Answer 2

Celiac trunk - from T12 to stomach, liver spleen and upper duodenum
Superior mesenteric - T12,L1 to remained of duodenum, small intestine, half of larger intestine
Inferior mesenteric - L3 to supply rest of large intestine, the rectum and anal canal
Renal - L1 to kidneys

Question 3

Subcostal nerve origin and innervation

Answer 3

mixed nerve from T12
- sensory to below umbilicus and above pubis symphysis

Question 4

Iliohypogastric origin and innervation

Answer 4

mixed nerve from L1
- sensory to posterior lateral gluteal region and pubic area
Motor to abdominal muscles

Question 5

Ilio lingual

Answer 5

Mixed nerve from L1
- sensory to external genitalia and upper 1/3 medial thigh
Motor to abdominal muscles

Question 6

Genitofemoral

Answer 6

Mixed nerve from L1&L2
- genital is motor in men and supplying cremaster muscle. This muscle is not fully developed in women
- femoral is sensory and supplies upper 1/3 anterior thigh

Question 7

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 7

Sensory from L2 L3
- supplies anterior lateral thigh skin

Question 8

Femoral nerve

Answer 8

Mixed nerve from L2-L4 that enters thigh

Question 9

Obturator nerve

Answer 9

Mixed nerve from L2-L4
- sensory to medial thigh
- motor to thigh

Question 10

Relative position of lumbar plexus nerve to piriformis

Answer 10

Subcostal, iliohypogastric and lilio lingual are above
Femoral and Lateral femoral cutaneus is lateral
Obturator is medial
Genito femoral is anterior

Question 11

Where are primary sympathetic neurons housed?

Answer 11

Lateral horn T1-L2

Question 12

Para vertebral ganglion

Answer 12

Chains of ganglion on each side of vertebral column that primary sympathetic neurons communicate with

Question 13

Pre vertebral ganglion

Answer 13

Chain of ganglion where primary sympathetic neurons do their synapses if they by pass the para vertebral ganglion
- found in front of abdominal aorta

Question 14

parasympathetic neurons pathway

Answer 14

Nerve fibers start at Lateral horn S2-S4 or brainstem and do their synapse in or very close to target organ. Short post ganglion fibers innervate final site on target organ

Question 15

Sympathetic sphlanic nerve

Answer 15

The nerves that bypass para vertebral ganglion

Question 16

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

Answer 16

Parasympathetic nerve fibers arising from S2-S4 going innervate pelvic viscera

Question 17

Gluteal region borders

Answer 17

Superior: iliac crest
Lateral: lateral border of lower limb
Medial: mediosacral crest
Inferior: gluteal fold

Question 18

Cluneal nerves

Answer 18

Superior cluneal: dorsal rami L1-L3
Medial: S1-S3 spinal nerves
Inferior: posterior cutaneous femoral
Lateral:ilio hypogastric L1

Question 19

Trendelenburg sign

Answer 19

When one side of the glute med is paralyzed then taking off with the opposite leg that hip will drop. To compensate the person bends to the weak side

Question 20

Articulating surfaces of the hip joint

Answer 20

Lunate surface of acetabulum
Head of femur

Question 21

Synoviaal membrane function and supply

Answer 21

Produced synovial fluid to lubricate the hip joint. Covers fovea capitis and head of femur

Question 22

Cruciate anastomosis

Answer 22

Inferior gluteal artery
Femoral artery
- lateral circumflex artery
- medial circumflex artery
First perforating artery

Anastemose by 10-13years. Prior, round ligament supplies head and neck of femur

Question 23

Intrinsic hip ligaments

Answer 23

Iliofemoral ; between ilium and femur
Pubifemoral: between pubic bone and femur
Ischiofemoral: between ischium and femur

Question 24

Intrinsic hip
Ligament function

Answer 24

Stabilize hip joint
- anteriorly there is more
Ligaments support vs posterior aspect there is more muscle support
- anterior ligaments are stretched and tight in posterior pelvic tilt
- we naturally stand in posterior pelvic tilt as COG falls behind the hip joint
-

Question 25

Closed pack position

Answer 25

When the hop is maximally supported and articulating surfaces are closest together
- hip extension, abduction aNd lateral rotation

Question 26

Glute max

Answer 26

Origin: lateral surface ischium, behind posterior gluteal line, posterior surface sacrum
Insertion: ITB, gluteal tuberosity
Interaction: inferior gluteal nerve
Function: prime hip extensor, some lateral rotation, stabilizes knee while in ext

Question 27

Gluteus medius

Answer 27

Origin: between posterior Nd anterior gluteal line
Insertion: lateral surface greater trochanter
Interaction: superior gluteal nerve
Function: prime hip abductor

Question 28

Gluteas minimus

Answer 28

Origin: between anterior and inferior gluteal line
Insertion: anterior surface greater trochanter
Interaction: superior gluteal never
Function: assists with hip abduction and flexion

Question 29

TFL

Answer 29

Origin: on iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle
Insertion: Gerdys tubercle
Innervation: super gluteal
Function: stabalize knee while in extension

Question 30

Superior gemellus

Answer 30

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter
Innervation: direct branch sacral plexus

Question 31

Inferior gemellus

Answer 31

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter
Innervation: direct branch sacral plexus

Question 32

Quadratus femoris

Answer 32

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: quadrate tubercle on inter trochanteric crest
Innervation: direct branch of sacral plexus
Function: prime lateral hip rotator