Muscles of the back Flashcards
Trapezius
Origin: Sup nuchal line, EOP, SP C7-T12, Nuchal ligament
Insertion: Lateral third clavicle, acromion, spine of scap
Innervation: CN 11, Ventral rami C3 and C4 spinal nerve (sensory proprioceptive fibres)
Function: elevate (superior firbers), retract (mid), depress (lower), upward rotation (superior and lower)
Latisimus Dorsi
Origin: spinous process T7-L5, posterior half iliac crest, back of sacrum.
Insertion: Depth of intertubercular groove
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve
Function: GH extension (prime mover), adduction, medial rotation
Levator scapulae
Origin: TP C1-C4
Insertion: Superior angle & medial aspect of scapula
Innervation: Ventral rami of C3, C4 and dorsal scapular nerve
Function: Elevate scap
Rhomboid minor
Origin: SP C7-T1
Insertion: medial border of scap above spine
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve
Function: elevate and retract
Rhomboid major
Origin: SP t2-T5
Insertion: medial border scap below spine
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve
Function: Elevate and retract
Serratus posterior superior
Origin: SP C7-T3
Insertion: Ribs 2-5
Innervation: Ventral rami T2-T5
Function: elevate ribs 2-5
serratus posterior inferior
Origin: SP T11-L3
Insertion: Ribs 9-12
Innervation: Ventral rami T2-T5
Function: depress ribs 9-12
Splenius capitis
Origin: Spinous process C7 - T4
Insertion: Mastoid process & lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line
Innervation: Dorsal rami mid cervical spinal nerves
Function: unilat - ipsilateral head/neck rotation. bilateral - extension of head/neck
Splenius cervicis
Origin: SP T3-T6
Insertion: TP C1-C3
Innervation: Dorsal rami mid cervical spinal nerves
Function: unilat - ipsilateral head/neck rotation. bilateral - extension of head/neck
Iiocostalis
Origin: cervicis - upper 6 ribs, thoracis: lower 6 ribs
Lumborum - sacrum
Insertion: cervicis - Csp vertebrae, thoracis - upper 6 vertebrae, lumbprum - lower 6 ribs
Inervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Function: extend vertebral collumn
Longisimus
Origin: capitis - head, cervicis: cervical vertebrae, thoracis: upper 6 ribs
Insertion: capitis - cervical vertebrae, cervicis- upper 6 ribs, thoracis - lower 6 ribs
Inervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Function: extend vertebral collumn
Spinalis
Origin: capitis - head, cervicis: cervical vertebrae, thoracis - upper 6 ribs
Insertion: capitis - cervical vertebrae, cervicis - upper 6 ribs, thoracis - lower 6 ribs
Inervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Function: extend vertebral collumn
Rotatores
Origin: TP of vertebrae
Insertion: SP 2 levels above
Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: Stabilize vertebral collumn
Multifidus
Origin: TP of vertebrae
Insertion: SP 4 levels above
Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: Stabilize vertebral collumn
Semispinalis
Origin: TP of vertebrae
Insertion: SP 6 levels above
Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: Stabilize vertebral collumn
Levator costarum
Origin: TP of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: 1 or 2 ribs below origin
Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: elevate ribs
Inter transversarius
Origin/Insertion: run between transverse process of adjacent vertebrae
Innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: stabalize verterbal collumn
Interspinalis
Origin/Insertion: runs between adjacent spinous process of vertebrae
Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Function: Stabilize vertebral collumn
Obliquus capitis superior
Origin: TP C1
Insertion: Planum nuchae
Innveration: suboccipital nerve
Function: extend and side flexion of head on atlas
Obliqus capitis iniferior
Origin: SP C2
Insertion: TP C1
Innveration: suboccipital nerve
Function: rotates atlas on axis
rectus capitis posterior major
Origin: SP C2
Insertion: lateral aspect superior nuchal line
Innveration: suboccipital nerve
Function: extend and slightly rotate head
rectus capitis posterior minor
Origin: posterior tubercle of atlas
Insertion: medial aspect superior nuchal line
Innveration: suboccipital nerve
Function: extend and slightly rotate head
Quadratus Lumborum
Origin: Iliac crest and TP of Lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Inferior border of rib 12
Innervation: ventral rami of spinal nerves
Function: pulls down and stabalizes rib 12, ipsilat side flexion
Psoas minor
Origin: TP T12
Insertion: Pecten of pubis
Innervation: direct branch of lumbar nerve
Function: weak hip flexor
Psoas major
origin: Body and TP of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: direct branch of lumbar nerve
Function: hip flexion
iliacus
Origin: Iliac fosa
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: femoral nerve
Function: hip flexor