Thermotherapy

Question 1

Hot pack is the #1

Answer 1

lawsuit

Question 2

Conduction

Answer 2

direct collision btwn molecules of 2 materials at diff temp

Question 3

Thermal Conductivity

Answer 3

skin> muscle > subcutaneous fat

fat - slows heat from getting in, also traps it inside

Question 4

Convection

Answer 4

contact between circulating medium and another material at diff temps

Question 5

Hot Pack via

Answer 5

Conduction
need 6-10 layers of towel between skin and pack
filled with silicone.sand
approx 2 hours to reheat

Question 6

Hydrocollator temp

Answer 6

~160 degrees (158-168 F)

Question 7

Hot pack pro/cons

Answer 7

+ - easy comfortable heat, cheap

(-) - lack of temp control; lack of conformability; hot ~20 min; ooze if cut open

Question 8

Whirlpool

Answer 8

Conduction and Convection
hardly used/ rare
Adjust for water massage
*contamination - needs thurough cleaning

Question 9

Paraffin

Answer 9

Conduction
extremities
direct heat - 1-2cm
wax + oil mixture because lowers specific heat
kept at 113-120 F

Question 10

Paraffin pro/con

Answer 10

+ - contoured areas

(-) - contamination; sterile mode heats to about 170 - make sure you know to let it cool down before use again

Question 11

Continuous immersion with retention paraffin

Answer 11

7 dip + 30 min immersion in bath

30 min period of retention outside the bath wrapped in layers

Question 12

Continuous immersion paraffin

Answer 12

7 dip immersions

continuous 30 min immersion in bath

Question 13

dip immersion with wrapping paraffin

Answer 13

10-12 dip immersio then wrapped in layers

30 min retention wrapped in laters

Question 14

brushing with wrapping paraffin

Answer 14

7-10 coating are brushed over treated area then wrapped in layers

Question 15

Fluidotherapy

Answer 15

Convection
natural cellulose circulating in dry warm AIR
control: heat and air flow
heat + touch: dec pain via gate control

Question 16

Fluidotherapy pro/con

Answer 16

+ - allows for movemetn/treatment; desensitization; 0 humidity - no germs
(-) - expensive closterphobia - may not like dry heat

Question 17

Infrared lamp

Answer 17

Radiation

phased out - RARE

Question 18

Hemodynamic Effects

Answer 18

vasodilation direct inc BF
increases BF - inc healing + repair
reflex vasodilation - neuro based can heat up deeper tissues

Question 19

Neuromuscular Effects

Answer 19

inc temp (mm spindle dec, GTO inc, Alpha motor neurons dec)
inc pain threshold (dec mm spasm, gate control theory)

Question 20

Metabolic Effects

Answer 20

inc enzymatic activity
inc O2 uptake
inc cellular biochemical processed
*May accelerate cartilage destruction in RA pts

Question 21

Tissue Extensibility

Answer 21

inc pliability; reduce the risk of tear

Question 22

Indications*

Answer 22

pain control
inc ROM and dec jt stiffness
tissue healing
psychological

Question 23

pain control

Answer 23

dec muscle spasm
inc BF
psychological aspects

Question 24

tissue healing

Answer 24

not acute inflammation
okay in proliferation stage
best in maturation sage to help

Question 25

Heat –> VD

Answer 25

• -> Inc cell metab / inc BF

- -> promotes soft tissue healing

Question 26

Heat –> inc thermoreceptor activity

Answer 26

• -> counter irritation effect

- -> dec pain/promotes relaxation

Question 27

heat –> dec joint viscosity

Answer 27

• -> warming of intra-articular fluid

- -> reduced jt stiffness

Question 28

Contraindications **

Answer 28

Acute injury or inflammation (edema, bld, infla)
Thrombophlebitis - could dislodge or blood clot
impaired sensation or mentation - burns
Malignancy*
Pregnancy*

Question 29

Precautions

Answer 29

Chronic infla joints
impaired circulation/poor therm regulation
edema
CV issues (bc inc cardiac demand)
Metal implants
Wounds
Areas of recently applied topical counterirritants*