Cryotherapy

Question 1

Conduction

Answer 1

direct collision between molecules of two materials at different temperatures
transfer of heat from body to cold medium

Question 2

Rate of heat transfer by conduction

Answer 2

[area x K x (T1-T2)]/thickness of tissue

K = conductivity coefficient

Question 3

Convection

Answer 3

contact between circulating medium and another material at different termperatures

Question 4

Radiation

Answer 4

through the traveling of electromagnetic waves, across air, from warmer to cooler

Question 5

Evaporation

Answer 5

transfer of hear from body by conversion of a volatile liquid into a vapor when the liquid is applied to the skin
counter irritant - distract brain

Question 6

Influence response to Cold

Answer 6

Temperature difference between body and cold medium
Time of exposure
Tissue type
agent
total body surface area

Question 7

Hemodynamic Effects

Answer 7

VC
reflex VC (deeper)
Edema control (before occurs)
inc blood viscosity
Hunting Response (cold-induced VD)

Question 8

Metabolic Effects of Cryo

Answer 8

dec metabolic rate

dec inflammatory process

Question 9

NM Effects of Cryo

Answer 9

alters peripheral nerve activity

decreases sensory and motor conduction velocity

Question 10

Adverse effects of cryo

Answer 10

tissue death
frostbite - add layers
Nerve damage - stay away from superficial nerves

Question 11

Cryo Indication

Answer 11

acute/subacute traumatic and post-op
pain
muscle spasm
spasticity disorders

Question 12

Pt eval for cold hypersensitivity #1

Answer 12

soak cloth in cold water, wrap around wrist for 20 sec

if skin blotchy, pink and white = sensitivity

Question 13

General Tx

Answer 13

10 - 30 minutes
exercise may mask pain
may increase joint stiffness
CBAN (cold, burn, ache, numb) - go for numb

Question 14

Commercial cold pac

Answer 14

cold 5-20 min - put over a moist towel

Question 15

Ice Massage

Answer 15

small, local area
CBAN
quickest cold bc direct skin contact

Question 16

Cold Baths

Answer 16

watch for systemic effects** frostbite/N damage

Question 17

Vapocoolant Sprays

Answer 17

cover face to not inhale fumes
spray and stretch
Fluori-methane = safe

Question 18

Cryocuff

Answer 18

cool water, long time and compression

Question 19

Contraindications

Answer 19

Always ask patient if they have ever had sensitivity to cold***
Cold urticaria
cryoglobulinemia
Raynauds Disease
Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinurias
Circulatory compromised areas
over regenerating nerves
circular insufficiency or PVD

Question 20

Precautions

Answer 20

HTN
poor sensation or cognition
very young/old
healing wounds
superficial nerves
cooling large areas
using wet medium
long duration