Soft Tissue Mobilization

Question 1

Therapeutic Purposes of STM

Answer 1

alter physiologic and mechanical state of soft tissue
inc ROM
promote relaxation
dec pain
dec edema
inc/improve blood circulation

Question 2

Mechanical Effects

Answer 2

prevent/break up adhesions and scar tissue
stretches tissue
assists with venous flow
assists with lymphatic flow

Question 3

Physiological effects

Answer 3

rids muscle of toxic products (lactic acid? )
dec pain (gate control; break pain/spasm cycle)
+ psychological effects (touch/relax)
pink/red = histamine

Question 4

Effleurage

Answer 4

slide or glide over the skin with smooth, continuous motion
ALWAYS START HERE
intro to contact and assess tissue
distribute lotion and transition stroke
stripping, shingles, 3- count, horiz, knuckling

Question 5

Petrissage

Answer 5

lift, wring or squeeze soft tissue in kneading motion OR press or roll the tissue under or between hands - deeper stroke to loosen adhesions
2 handed kneading, circular, alternating, skin rolling

Question 6

Tapotement

Answer 6

brisk percussive movements following each other in rapid, alternating fashion
bounce off surface - pleasant stimulation
hacking, karate chop, rapping, cupping, slapping, tapping,

Question 7

Vibration

Answer 7

oscillating, quivering or trembling motion

stimulating or dec guarding

Question 8

Compression

Answer 8

direct static pressure applied 
pressure, ischemic, breathing
5-30 sec on localized area 
trigger point/adhesion
create rush of BF to area with temp ischemia

Question 9

Deep

Answer 9

no movement between fingers and skin
cross fiber, parallel, circulat, cyriax
deep friction perpendic to fibers to prevent adhesion and break up scar tissue

Question 10

Indications MSK

Answer 10

muscle spasm. strain. sprain
subacute/chronic
arthritis (OA, DJD, RA)
amputee
scar tissue

Question 11

Indications Neuro

Answer 11

peripheral N injuries
post stroke (TBI) painful joints

Question 12

Indication Vas/Lymphatic disorders

Answer 12

prevent venostasis and edema

Question 13

Contraindications

Answer 13

malignancy
disease - infectious
phlebitis/thrombophlebitis
acute trauma
pregnancy
allergies - check lubricant for bee/nuts

Question 14

Precautions

Answer 14

Osteoporosis

Geriatrics (frail skin/cognition)

Question 15

Myofascial Connective Tissue Massage

Answer 15

inc circulation

Question 16

Myofascial Rolfing

Answer 16

20-30 tx serious of very vigorous technique

Question 17

Fascia Elastic Component

Answer 17

stretchable

absorb compressive forces

Question 18

Fascia Collagen

Answer 18

tough/thick/little extensibility

absorb compressive forces

Question 19

Fascia Polysaccharide gel comples - thick jellp

Answer 19

ground substance (non-cellular components
lubricant

Question 20

Injury to fascia

Answer 20

less able to absorb shock so other structures are put in that role and can cause more damage
dec efficiency
painful

Question 21

Myofacial Guidelines

Answer 21

observe POSTURE and palpate
feel restricted area
feel density and texture of fascia
little/no lubricant
hold stretch 2-5 minutes (melting/softening)

Question 22

Indications

Answer 22

inc BF and ROM
realign fascial planes
improve symmetry
eliminate pressure of fascial restrictions
relieve pain
improve quality of mvmt and inc evergy

Question 23

Contraindications

Answer 23

Malignancy
Infection
Osteoporosis
hypermobile joints
scars (directly over bc healing)
cellulitis
aneurysm
wounds

Question 24

Trigger Points

Answer 24

exquisitely tender spot in taut band of muscle
give rise to referred pain and tenderness
may develop due to trauma, poor posture, repetitive strain, overworked muscle

Question 25

Latent Trigger Point

Answer 25

painful when pressed locally

Question 26

Active Trigger Point

Answer 26

always tender and refers pain when pressed