Thermodynamics - Work, Heat, & Internal Energy

Question 1

What two things does the universe consist of?

Answer 1

System and surroundings

Question 2

The three types of system?

Answer 2

Open, closed, isolated

Question 3

What is an open system?

Answer 3

Matter and energy can be transferred

Question 4

What is a closed system?

Answer 4

Matter cannot be transferred but energy can

Question 5

What is an isolated system?

Answer 5

Both matter and energy cannot be transferred

Question 6

What are the two ways that energy can be exchanged?

Answer 6

Heat and work

Question 7

What are the units for Joule?

Answer 7

Pa, m3

Question 8

If work is done on the system, what happens to the value “w”?

Answer 8

It increases

Question 9

If work is done by the system, what happens to the value “w”?

Answer 9

It decreases

Question 10

What is the formula for work for expansion against external constant pressure?

Answer 10

w = -P(ex) ΔV

Question 11

What is the formula for work for free expansion?

Answer 11

w = 0

Question 12

What is the formula for work for reversible isothermal expansion of ideal gas?

Answer 12

w = -nRT ln(Vf/Vi)

Question 13

How can ΔU be determined?

Answer 13

ΔU will be 0 if the temperature is constant.

ΔU = w + q can be used if the values are known

Question 14

What is a state function?

Answer 14

The current state of a system

Question 15

What is a path function?

Answer 15

The process and energy transfer involved in reaching a state

Question 16

How can heat capacity for a constant volume be found?

Answer 16

Cv = n * Cv,m

Question 17

How are the molar heat capacities for constant pressure and volume correlated?

Answer 17

C(p,m) = C(v,m) + R