Quantum Model - Wavefunctions Flashcards
How are the wavefunctions of s-orbitals and p-orbitals different at the nucleus?
The wavefunction of s-orbitals go towards a maximum at the nucleus, while the wavefunction of p-orbitals go towards zero at the nucleus
What happens when the r-axis is crossed in a wavefunction?
A node is present, which indicates that the electron density and probability is equal to zero at that point
What do the peaks resemble on an electron density wavefunction?
The maximum electron density of the orbital
When do inner cusps appear and where are they located?
They are caused by the presence of nodes
They appear at the maximum electron density of the previous orbitals
1s has…
no nodes
2s has…
one node
3s has…
two nodes
2p has…
no nodes
3p has…
one node
What is the formula to find the amount of nodes?
n - (l +1)
What do orbitals in the same shell have in common? What is different?
They have their electron density maximum at the same distance from the nucleus
Inner cusps can cause electrons to be closer to the nucleus
What is ψ?
The wavefunction
What is ψ2?
The probability density (probability per unit volume)
What is dV/dr Ψ2?
The electron density (amount of electrons at a certain point)
What is the trend for effective nuclear charge (Zeff) on the periodic table?
Increasing from left to right
Decreasing downwards
