Molecules - Energies Flashcards
How does electronegativity trend across the periodic table?
It increases from left to right and decreases downward
Which element is more electronegative, O of F?
Fluorine (4.0)
What is electronegativity?
The ability for an atom to attract electrons to itself
How does ionization energy trend across the periodic table?
It increases from left to right and decreases downward
Why does ionization energy increase?
Atomic size decreases and effective nuclear charge increases
What is effective nuclear charge?
The net charge experienced by an electron in an atom
How does effective nuclear charge trend across the periodic table?
It increases from left to right and decreases
How does effective nuclear charge relate to the nuclear charge?
What formula?
It takes the nuclear charge and also considers the shielding effect from other electrons
Z(eff) = Z - S
What is ionization energy?
The energy required to release one electron from a neutral atom in gaseous state
What is electron affinity?
The energy change when an electron is added to a neutral atom in gaseous state
How is ionization energy related to Z(eff)?
Increases as Z(eff) increases and size decreases
How is electron affinity related to Z(eff)?
Decreases as Z(eff) increases
