Equilibrium - Physical Flashcards
Weak intermolecular forces correspond to…
High volatility and high vapor pressure
Strong intermolecular forces correspond to…
Low volatility and low vapor pressure
Would C4H10 be less or more volatile than C8H18? Why?
More volatile
Stronger intermolecular forces because less electrons (smaller)
Which reaction is spontaneous at equilibrium?
Neither (G = 0)
Which equation is used for finding vapor pressure?
Clausius-Clapeyron equation
ln (P2/P1) = - H(vap)/R (1/T1 - 1/T2)
How can you solve for P1 or P2 in ln (P1/P2)?
Using the logarithmic function e^x
What must the pressure be to determine the boiling point Tb?
1 atm
What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?
Evaporation can occur at any temperature, occurs on the surface of the liquid, and the vapor pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
Boiling occurs at the boiling point, throughout the entire liquid, and the vapor pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure.
Higher boiling points are correlated to…
Stronger intermolecular forces
What is dynamic equilibrium?
A balanced system in which two reactions are occuring simultaneously (forwards and reverse) at the same rate.
Closed system with no net change.
What is the correlation between ionic mole ratio and vapor pressure?
More ions results in a higher mole amount, which causes a greater reduction in vapor pressure.
What does a low vapor pressure imply?
The liquid is holding onto the molecules more tightly so that much less molecules enter the vapor phase.
