therapy Flashcards
trepanning
a surgical practice in which a hole was
bored into the skull to relieve pressure or release evil sprites
Deinstitutionalization
process of replacing long-stay psychiatric hospitals with less isolated community mental health services for those diagnosed with a mental disorder or developmental disability
Somatic therapy–
therapy that deals with the body like drugs
or shocks or surgery
Psychotherapy-
is any psychological treatment for behavioral
or emotional problems
pharmacology
the study of the use of medications in treating mental disorders
Antianxiety drugs (Anxiolytics)
reduce anxiety by
making the individual calmer and
less excitable
Antidepressant drugs
regulate mood
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
-increases the
amount of norepinephrine and
serotonin in the synaptic cleft by
blocking monoamine oxide
Tricyclic’s
work by increasing the level of certain neurotransmitters
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors-
Increases the amount of neurotransmitters in
the synaptic cleft by blocking the
reabsorption or reuptake mechanism of the
cell that releases the neurotransmitters
lithium
used to treat bipolar disorder
antipsychotic drugs
Diminish agitated behavior, reduce
tension, decrease hallucinations, improve
social behavior, and improve sleep
patterns
Electroconvulsive therapy
(ECT) “shock therapy”
Goal: set off a seizure in the
brain
Used to treat severe
depression
Psychosurgery:
A biological intervention that
involves the removal or destruction
of brain tissue
lobotomy
psychosurgery, or brain surgery, designed to treat a psychological condition
Psychotherapy
A nonmedical process that
helps individuals with
psychological disorders
recognize and overcome
their problems
psychiatrist
has medial degree with residency in mental health provides therapy for people with mental disorders and is only of therapist who can prescribe drugs or other biomedical treatment
clinical psychologist
has doctoral degree in clinical psychology provides therapy for people with mental disorders
counseling psychologists
has doctoral degree in psychological or educational counselling counsels people with milder problem
psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis-Freud’s therapeutic technique for
analyzing an individual’s unconscious thoughts
hypnosis
less likely to repress troubling thoughts
free association
-encouraging individuals to say aloud whatever
comes to mind, no matter how
trivial or embarrassing
dream analysis
Images in dreams are the manifest
content which are symbols
representing the truly meaningful
latent content
manifest content vs latent content
The manifest content is the actual literal subject matter of the dream while the latent content is the underlying meaning of these symbols
Transference:
Patient shifts thoughts and feelings about certain
people onto the therapist
resistance
client’s unconscious defense strategies that prevent the analyst from understanding the person’s problems
insight
Humanistic and Psychoanalytic
humanistic therapies
a mental health approach that emphasizes the importance of being your true self in order to lead the most fulfilling life.
client centered therapy
an approach to psychotherapy based on a belief that the client is best able to decide what to explore and how
Unconditional positive regard
the attitude of complete acceptance and love, whether for yourself or for someone else
active listening
mirror back what
the person says
carl rogers
Therapist provides a warm and
supportive atmosphere
genuiness
open honest and expressive of feelings
gestalt therapy
a form of psychotherapy that is centered on increasing a person’s awareness, freedom, and self-direction
friz perls
behavioral therapies
an umbrella term for types of therapy that treat mental health disorders
counterconditioning
the technique and putative process by which behavior is modified through a new association with a stimulus of an opposite valence
aversion therapy
aversive stimulus repeatedly paired with
the behavior you want to stop
Systematic desensitization-
replaces one response, such as
anxiety, with another response
such as relaxation
Flooding
-exposing an individual to feared stimuli
to an excessive degree while not allowing the
person to avoid the stimuli
Operant conditioning techniques
Behavioral Contracting
Modeling
Token Economy
Behavioral Contracting:
a contract where the client must act in a certain way (not exhibiting undesirable behaviors) so the therapist provides a reward
Modeling:
based on Bandura’s
vicarious learning
Clients watch someone act in a
certain way and then receive a
reward
Assume the client will then
imitate the behavior
Token economy
Skinner
Rational emotive behavior therapy
(REBT or RET)
Expose and confront dysfunctional
thoughts of their clients
Cognitive Therapies:
Psychological disorders
develop when people think
illogically about themselves,
world, future
Cognitive triad
Goal: recognize and discard
self-defeating cognitions
Aaron Beck
Psychological disorders
develop when people think
illogically about themselves,
world, future
group therapy
a therapy session in which several clients participate in the same time
family therapy
technique in which all family members participate, both individually and as a group, to change destructive relationships and communication patterns
couple therapy
a type of counselling that targets both the individual and the romantic bond, with the goal of improving communication between partners and strengthening their connection
self help groups AA 12 step programs
informal groups of people who come together to address their common problems
