psych Flashcards
super ordinate goals
a goal that takes preedence over one or more conditional goals
mere exposure effect
Prefrence for things becasue they are familair with them
proximity
the boy next door phenomenom
equity
theroy of justice regarding that individual are likely to view as a fair return from actvitaing themselves
self disclosure
sharing personal info
social exchange theory
recripocity
attitude
a set of belief or feeling
self fulfilling prophecy
an expectations that causes you to act in ways that makes that expertation come true
attribution theory
describes how we tend to explain someone behaviros in terms of either the situation or the persons disposition
fundemental attribution error
the tendency to for observer when analyzing another behavior to underestimate the impact of the situation
actor- observer bias
a tendency to attribute ones own action to external causes while attributin others personate behavior to internal causes
collective cultures
emphasze the needs and goals of the group as whole over the needs and desire of each indivudual
indivdualistic cultures
the neeed
False consensus effect
the overestimation of the degree to which everybody else thinks or acts the way we do
postive illusion
Positive views of the self that are not necessarily rooted in reality
Self-serving bias:
Tendency to take
credit for our
successes and deny
responsibility for
our failures
Just world bias
the tendency to think bad things happen
to bad people- so you blame the victim
blaming the vicitm
the tendency to think bad things happen to bad people so you blame the victim
cognitive dissonance
individual’s psychological
discomfort caused by two
inconsistent thoughts
foot in the door
Person who agrees to a small request is
later more likely to comply with a larger demand
Door in the Face
if you refuse large requests then more likely to comply with a smaller one
Low ball technique
getting a person committed to an act
and then making the terms of acting less desirable
Norms of reciprocity-
people think that when someone
does something nice for them they ought to do something
nice in return
agression
refers to social behavior whose objective is
to harm someone either physically or emotionally
frustration aggression principel
the feeling of
frustration makes aggression more likely
hostile aggression
no clear purpose
instrumental aggression
an indivudual intentionally acts aggressivly to achieve a paticular purpose
catharsis
is an emotional release. The term itself comes
from the Greek katharsis meaning “purification” or
“cleansing.”
altruism
an unselfish
interest in helping another
person
bystander effect
the tendency of an indivudual who observes an emergency to help less when other peopel are present
diffusion of responsibility
when people who need to make a decison wait for soemone else to act
