intellegince Flashcards
Intelligence
All-purpose ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problems, and to learn from experience.
g factor
refers to the existence of a broad mental capacity that influences performance on cognitive ability measures
Validity
refers to the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure
internal validity
the degree to which the results are attributable to the independent variable and not some other rival explanation.
external validity
the extent to which the results of a study can generalization.
face validity
the degree to which a procedure, appears effective in terms of its stated aims.
content validity
how well a measure effects the entire range of material it is supposed to be testing.
Criterion related validity (concurrent validity)
how much of a characteristic a person has now.
Criterion related validity(predicitive validity)
measures future perfomance.
Constructive validity
is the degree to which a test measures what is claims, or purports to be measuring.
Reliability
the extent to which a test yields a consistent, reproducible measure of performance.
split-half reliability
test is split into two, each half is tested, if the scores are consistent, then the test is reliable (the closer the correlation is to +1, the more reliable)
Equivalent form reliability
the consistency of measurement based on the correlation between scores on two similar forms of the same test taken by the same subject.
test retest reliability
administering the same test twice over a period of time a group of individuals. The scores from Time 1 and Time 2 can be then correlated in order to evaluate the test for stability over time.
Standardization
The development of uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test, and the creation of norms (performance standards) for the test.
norms
performance standards
Z scores
how many standard deviations away from the mean
psychometricians
people who make tests (ETS, educational testing service makes the SAT).
power tests
the questions get increasingly difficult. Gauges what difficulty level you can get to.
Speed test
large number of questions asked in a short amount of time, insufficient time is given
goal: see how fast someone can solve problems
achievement tests
measure what one has learned or accomplished
aptitude test
measure ability or potential
-SAT
-IQ
IQ (intelligence quotient)
a score attained on tests of symbolic or reasoning abilities
Alfred Binet
French 1904- test to place kids in
special schools based on aptitude
Compared a person’s mental
abilities to the mental abilities
that are typical for a particular
age group
Lewis Terman
went to Stanford
and used IQ for the military
during WWI for officers
Now called Stanford-Binet IQ test
Stanford Binet IQ
first important IQ test in the english language by Lewis Terman
intellectual disability
a condition of limited mental ability in which an
individual has a low IQ
Flynn effect
finding that average IQ scores have
been rising at a rate of approximately 3 points per
decade
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
an individual test developed especially for school-aged
children; it yields verbal, performance, and full scale IQ
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS)
the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS)
the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
intelligences comes in three forms
analytical, creative, and practical.
analytical intelligence
ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare and
contrast
Creative intelligence
ability to create, design, invent, originate, and imagine.
practical intelligence
ability to use, apply, implement, and put ideas into practice
Thurstone’s primary mental abilities
Intelligence theory that our intelligence may be broken
down into 7 factors:
word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability,
perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and
memory
Howards gardners theory of multiple intelligences
Nine types of intelligences
Verbal
Mathematical
Spatial
Bodily-kinesthetic
Musical
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
Existentialist
Goleman Emotional intelligence
The ability to perceive and express emotion accurately and adaptively, to understand emotion and emotional knowledge, to use feelings to facilitate thought, and to manage emotions in oneself and others.
-EQ
Heredity
the proportion of observable differences among
people in a group that can be explained by the genetic
differences in the genes of the group members
