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Mental Health > Therapeutic Communication & Therapeutic Relationships: Exam 1 > Flashcards

Therapeutic Communication & Therapeutic Relationships: Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Trust associated behaviors include:

A

-caring
-honesty
-keeping promises
-listening

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2
Q

Trust builds when…

A

-client is confident in the nurse
-nurses presence conveys integrity and reliability

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3
Q

when words and actions match. the nurse needs to exhibit congruent behaviors to build trust with the client. (ex: im really glad you’re taking part today!) seeing is believing!

A

Congruence

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4
Q

mentally ill clients can detect when someone is exhibiting dishonesty or artificial behavior. (ex. talking over him/her, assuring them that everything will be alright.)

A

Genuine interest

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5
Q

perceive the meaning or feelings of the pt and to communicate that understanding to the client. considered an essential skill a nurse must develop to provide high-quality, compassionate care. (ex: empathy- I see you are sad, how can I help. sympathy- I feel so sorry for you)

A

Empathy

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6
Q

Not becoming upset or responding negatively to a clients behavior. NOT acceptance of the negative behavior, but acceptance of the person as worthy.

A

Acceptance

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7
Q

unconditional, non-judgement attitude. Appreciate the patient as a unique worthwhile human being. Can respect them no matter their behavior, background, or life-style. (Ex: you are awesome.)

A

Positive regard

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8
Q

Developing an understanding of ones own values, belief, thoughts, feelings, attitude, motivations, prejudices, strengths, and limitations and how these qualities affect others is __________________________.

A

self-awareness

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9
Q

As you learn self-awareness, you as the nurse can begin to use aspect of their personality, experiences, values, feelings, intelligence, needs, coping skills, and perceptions to establish relationships with the client. This is called ______________________.

A

therapeutic use of self

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10
Q

The Johari Window: 1-4

A

1 = OPEN
2 = BLIND
3 = HIDDEN
4=UNKNOWN

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11
Q

known to self and to others

A

The Johari Window: OPEN

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12
Q

not known to self but known to others

A

The Johari Window: BLIND

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13
Q

known to self but not others

A

The Johari Window: HIDDEN

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14
Q

not known to self or others

A

The Johari Window: UNKNOWN

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15
Q

The Johari Window: GOAL?

A

to moves from quadrants 2, 3, & 4 to quadrant 1

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16
Q

ways one person expects another to behave as a roadblock to the formation of an authentic relationship.

A

Perceptions

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17
Q

Patterns of Knowing:

A

empirical, personal, ethical, aesthetic

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18
Q

derived from the science of nursing

A

Empirical Knowing

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19
Q

derived from life experiences

A

Personal Knowing

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20
Q

derived from the moral nursing knowledge

A

Ethical Knowing

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21
Q

derived from the art of nursing

A

Aesthetic Knowing

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22
Q

Munhall’s pattern of unknowing

A

The nurse admits to not knowing the patients or patients subjective world.

-opens the way for authentic encounters
-psych nurses, negative preconceptions can adversely affect the therapeutic relationship.

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23
Q

Fundamental Patterns of Knowing

A

-Empiric
-Personal
-aesthetic
-Ethical
-Emancipatory (center)

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24
Q

initiate for the purpose of friendship, socializations, and enjoyment

A

Social Relationship

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25
Q

2 people who are emotionally committed to each other

A

Intimate Relationship

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26
Q

communication skills, understand human behavior and personal strength to enhance pt growth.

A

Therapeutic Relationships

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27
Q

Nursing Theory:

A

Nursing Theory:
1. assessment
2. diagnose
3. implement
4. evaluate

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28
Q

Peplau Theory:

A
  1. orientation
  2. identification
  3. exploration
  4. resolution
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29
Q

Orientation Phase:

A

-meet
-establish roles
-discuss purpose and parameters of future meetings
-Nurse-Client contracts, confidentiality, and self-disclosure
-clarify expectations
-Identify clients problems

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30
Q

Working Phase:

A

-problems identification: pt identifies issue or concerns
-Exploration: examination of feelings/responses and develops better coping skills. (more positive self image, behavior changes, and independence)

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31
Q

Blurring of Boundaries:

A

-When relationship slips into social context
-When nurse’s needs are met at expense of patient’s needs

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32
Q

Termination/resolution Phase:

A

begins when problems are resolved, and ends when relationship has ended.

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33
Q

Nurse-Client relationships must remain …

A

THERAPERUTIC

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34
Q

the process that people use to exchange information

A

communication

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35
Q

consists of words a person uses to speak to one or more listeners

A

Verbal Communication

36
Q

the behavior that accompanies verbal content

A

Non-verbal Communication

37
Q

In verbal communication you have…

A

content
context

includes: time and physical, social, emotional, and cultural environments

38
Q

the literal words that a person speaks

A

Verbal Communication: Content

39
Q

the environment in which communication occurs

A

Verbal Communication: Context

40
Q

in non-verbal communication you have…

A

process

41
Q

all nonverbal messages that the speaker uses to give meaning and context to the message

A

Non-Verbal Communication: Process

42
Q

Types of Non-Verbal Communication:

A

posture
body language
eye contact
blinking
tone of voice
facial expressions
smell
time
personal presentation
gestures
pitch of voice

43
Q

verbal and nonverbal signals endorses each other
(ex: somebody who says that he is unhappy and weeps)

A

Congruent Message

44
Q

verbal and non-verbal expressed are contradictory
(ex: somebody who says that he is happy and weeps)

A

Incongruent Message

45
Q

_______________ signals have a stronger impact than _________ signals

A

non-verbal
verbal

46
Q

An interpersonal interaction between the nurse and the client

Focuses on client specific needs

Helps the nurse understand and empathize with the client’s experiences

Encompasses goals that facilitate the nursing process

Is needed to effectively meet the standards of client care

A

Therapeutic Communication

47
Q

Goals of Therapeutic Communication:

A

-Establish therapeutic relationship
-Identify patient’s most important concerns
-Assess patient’s perceptions
-Facilitate patient’s expression of emotions
-Teach patient, family necessary self-care skills
-Recognize patient’s needs;
-Implement interventions to address patient’s needs
-Guide patient toward acceptable solutions

48
Q

concentrating exclusively on what the patient says

A

Active Listening

49
Q

watching non-verbal actions as the patient communicates

A

Active Observation

50
Q

Active Listening and Active Observations: This helps the nurse…

A

-recognize the most important issue
-know what questions to ask
-use therapeutic communication techniques
-prevent jumping to conclusions
-objectively respond

51
Q

the words are explicit and need no interpretation

A

Concrete Message

52
Q

unclear patterns of words that often contain figures of speech that are difficult to interpret

A

Abstract Message

53
Q

Concrete Language has meaning that comes _______________________________________________. It portrays things we can picture, feel, smell, and hear. The words “perfume”, “spiciness” and “noisy” are all examples of concrete words.

A

directly from our senses

54
Q

Abstract language on the other has is language that can’t be deciphered directly through a sensory pathway. It includes words like “elite” “irony” “symbolism” and “sportsmanship.” - term _______________________________.

A

resistant to instant visualization

55
Q

Effective Communication Techniques:

A

L-istening
B-road openings
R-estating
C-larification
R-eflection
F-ocusing
S-haring perceptions
S-ilence
H-umor
I-nforming
S-uggesting

56
Q

may discourage client from further expression of feelings if client believes the feelings will only be downplayed or ridiculed

A

Giving Reassurance

57
Q

refusing to consider client’s ideas or behavior

A

Rejecting

58
Q

implies that the nurse has the right to pass judgment on the “goodness” or “badness” of client’s behavior

A

Approving or Disapproving

59
Q

implies that the nurse has the right to pass judgment on whether client’s ideas or opinions are “right” or “wrong”

A

Agreeing or Disagreeing

60
Q

implies that the nurse knows what is best for client and that client is incapable of any self-direction

A

Giving Advice

61
Q

verbal or nonverbal messages that signal key words or issues for the client

A

Cues

62
Q

Types of Cues:

A

Overt
Covert

63
Q

clear, direct statements of intent, such as “I want to die”

A

Overt

64
Q

Vague or indirect messages that need interpretation, such as, “Nothing can help me”

A

Convert

65
Q

Types of Cues: NOTE… if the nurse suspects ______________ _________ or _________________, use a yes, no question to elicit a clear response.

A

Self-harm
Suicide

66
Q

Facial Expressions:

A

Expressive
Impassive
Confusing

67
Q

portrays the person’s moment-by-moment thoughts, feelings, and needs

A

Expressive

68
Q

face is emotionless deadpan expression like a mask

A

Impassive

69
Q

expression is opposite of what the person wants to convey (feeling angry but smiling)

A

Confusing

70
Q

Body Language:

A

Open and Closed Posture

71
Q

sit facing the client with both feet on the floor, knees parallel, hands at the sides and legs uncrossed, demonstrates unconditional positive regard, trust, care, and acceptance

A

Open-Posture

72
Q

crossed legs or arms folded across the chest, indicates that the interaction might threaten the listener who is defensive or not accepting

A

Closed-Posture

73
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication:

A

Internal Factors
Sensory/Emotional Factors
Verbal Expressions
Non-verbal Expressions

74
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication: Sensory/Emotional Factors

A

-fear
-stress, anxiety
-pain
-mental acuity, brain damage, hypoxia
-sight, hearing, speech impairment

75
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication: Environmental Factors

A

lighting
noise
privacy
distance
temperature

76
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication: Verbal Expression

A

-language barrier
-jargon
-choice of words/questions
-feedback, voice tone

77
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication: Non-verbal Expression

A

body movement
facial expression
dress
professionalism
warmth
interest

78
Q

Factors that can Impede Communication: Internal Factors

A

previous experiences
attitudes
values
cultural heritage
religious beliefs
self-concept
listening habits
preoccupations
feelings
illness

79
Q

_____________________ is desirable but not always possible in therapeutic communication

A

Privacy
The nurse needs to evaluate locations that are most therapeutic for nurse-client interactions

80
Q

the study of distance zones between people during communication

A

Proxemics

81
Q

Distance Zones:

A

Intimate (0-18 inch)
Personal (18-36 inch)
Social (4-12 feet)
Public (12-25 feet)

82
Q

5 Types of Touch:

A

functional/professional
social/polite
friendship/warmth
love/intimacy
sexual arousal

Comforting and supportive when welcome and permitted

Can be possible invasion of intimate and personal space

The nurse must evaluate use of touch based on the client’s preferences, history, and needs

83
Q

messages often contain more meaning than just spoken words

A

Meaning

84
Q

Validate with findings from the client’s verbal and non-verbal information

Assessment focuses on who, what, when, how, and why

A

Contest

85
Q

Nurse must be aware of their own spiritual beliefs

Need to objectivity and non-judgmental attitudes about clients beliefs

A

Spirituality

Mental Health (23 decks)

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