Theory of motor developpement Flashcards
which theory Innate process driven by a genetic, biological time clock
● Environmental factors = rate of development
maturational
what are the 4 theories of motor development
Maturational
Biomechanical
Information Processing
Ecological
maturational theory is only driven by what
CNS
what are the 2 period of biomechanics theory
Normative descriptive period: “Normal” maturation
Biomechanical descriptive period :Fundamental skills
what is the information processing theory
● Motor learning and development = computer-like
●
External input received, interpreted, stored = new motor skill
● Memory, attention and feedback mechanisms
what is the ecological theory
Inter-relationship between:
● Environment, task and individual
● Multiple system involvement vs only CNS
what are the 2 branches of ecological theory
dynamical system and perception-action
explain dynamic system
Spontaneous, self-organization of body systems = movement
● Movement behaviour not hard wired ● Greater flexibility for individual needs
-> can holdback or slow down development, rate limiter
what is perception-action
Affordance
●
The function an environmental object provides an individual
Body scaling
●
The use of intrinsic (relative to body size) rather than extrinsic dimensions
what are the components of newell’s model of constraints
individual constraint, environmental constraints and task constraint
what are the 2 intrinsic dynamic of individual constraints
structural and functional constraints
what is structural constraint and functionnal
structural: Body structure changes, Change more slowly over time
fonctionnal: Behavioural function
● Attention, motivation, fear, experience
● Change over a shorter period of time
what is task constraint
● External to the body
● Skill specific
● Goal of movement / activity
● Rules guiding task performance
● Equipment used
what are environmental constraint
Outside the body
● Properties of the world around us
● Global
● Not task specific
● Physical
● Gravity, surfaces
● Sociocultural
● Gender roles, cultural norms
exemple of individual constraint
genetic, strength, confidence, delayed puberty, past experience, fear, past injury, natural talent
