Theory (L3) Flashcards
what three investments of energy in LHT
growth, maintenance and repro
Explain conditions where lower growth is expected
enviro= high mortality
what are the energy results of lower growth
earlier repro
larger litter with little investment in each
cost of lower growth
larger number of predators
little stored energy (=if sick maintenance allocation overwhelmed)
benefit of lower growth
high mortality= more likely to reproduce
levels of trade offs
- General sphere of size of allocation (to maintenance, growth or repro)
- Within certain sphere exactly where does the allocation go to
explain trade off between number and body size
rrepro allocated to 3 small or 1 large
when is delayed reproduction not problematic
if mortality is not high
bergmans rule
body size and temp- low temp= larger body size (due to heat retention - SA/V)= evolution of different growth patterns= greater allocation to growth (time) before reproducing
allens rule
appendage size and temp (high enviro needs greater dissipating heat ability= needs higher SA ( // longer appendages)
cost of mammals being larger
requires more food
benefit of mammals being large
Can eat larger items and lower quality diets, Reduced number of types of predators, SA/V reductions for heat retention in cold environments
explain trade off of growth and reproduction
larger animals mature more slowly
bigger body= longer time to mature
more allocated to growth // delayed reproduction
define term relative
variation in y after controlling for x
why are animals small
takes time to grow large, and with heavy mortality the investment in growth would never be paid back as increased fecundity
