Culture (L2) Flashcards
what is the embodied capital model
- Relationship between social behaviour and demographic trait (i.e. fertility and survival)
4 points of embodied capital model
- Humans exhibit lower mortality rates than apes
- Human diet differs from ape diet in proportional contribution to difficult-to-acquire high-quality foods
- Acquisition of extracted resources increase through early adulthood (age-effect on return rate)
- Greater proportion of high quality foods = shift in energy production towards older ages (favours longer life span)
what does the ECM explain
- why men and women have long lives
- exploit high-quality, difficult to acquire foods
- sacrifice early productivity for later productivity – have an extended juvenile period
- make high investments in mortality reduction
- expansion of costly human brain
define learning
change of behaviour as a function of experience
why is individual learning expensive
experiments’ take time and are risky
explain positives of social learning
o doesn’t require individual experience
o allows to acquire adaptive information from others through observation-
o reduces cost of learning to individual – BUT need a tolerant demonstrator
when is social learning less effective
environment changes too rapidly
define social learning
Learning that is influenced by observation of, or interaction with, another animal (typically a conspecific) or it’s products-
define tradition
Distinctive behaviour pattern shared by two or more individuals in a social unit, which persists over time and that new practitioners acquire in part through socially aided learning
define culture
Multiple traditions
how does social info bc cumulative culture
social learning > durable traditions > multiple-tradition cultures > cumulative culture
transmissions of learning
vertical (parent -offspring)
oblique (other adult - offspring)
horizontal (peer)
