THEME 4: ODD&CD

Question 1

Which age group is the most aggressive (physical aggression)

Answer 1

Toddlers are the most aggressive age-group because they have limited linguistic abilities so they express physical aggression.

Question 2

Antisocial behavior scale: A typology Frick’s dimension

Answer 2

Destructive-Non-destructive:
Covert-overt:

-property violations
-physical aggression
-oppositional behavior
-status violations

Question 3

Longitudinal study about Frick’s dimensions

Answer 3

1-Males exhibit more behavioral problems than females
2-Oppositional behavioral problems have the highest prevalence.
3-except the status violations they all tend to decrease over age
4- status violence increases over teenage years and decreases when getting older.

Question 4

Delinquency and its affects during developmental

Answer 4

• Delinquency increases during teenage years and then it decreases but 10% of the people are tend to violate status during life-course.

-Individuals who are more involved in physical fight around the age of 13-15 show worse educational outcomes.

-name calling and ostracism are more common bullying ways than physical agression.

Question 5

Social agression -female

Answer 5

Difference between female and male in regards to social aggression is insignificant however because men are more involved in physical,cal aggression society associates social aggression with women.

Question 6

ODD&CD General info:

Answer 6

Impaired self-control, emotions and behavior.
-Violates the rights of others
- significant conflict with authority figures
-

Question 7

ODD diagnosis requirement

Answer 7

• irritable mood, argumentative/defiant disorder, vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months; four or more symptoms from DSM-5 list (except the sibling relationships)

Question 8

ODD DSM-5:

Answer 8

• Angry/Irritable mood: (↑ internalizing)
  -Often loses temper
  -easily annoyed
  -angry and resentful
  -Argumentative/Defiant Disorder:(↑ externalizing)
  -often argues with authority figures
  -defies or refuses to comply with requests from authority figures
  -blames others for her or others misbehavior
  -Vindictiveness:
  -spiteful or vindictive at least twice -within the past 6 months.

Question 9

ODD prevalence

Answer 9

1%-11% in the general population
(Clinical population): 28-65%

Question 10

Conduct diagnosis requirement

Answer 10

Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the rights of other or age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated as manifested by at least three of DSM-5

Question 11

Conduct disorder DSM-5

Answer 11

Aggression to people and animals:
Destruction of property:
Deceitfulness and theft:
Serious violations of rules:(runaway from home):

Question 12

Conduct disorder prevalence

Answer 12

2-10% of the population
Clinical population: 16-34%

Question 13

CD 2 requirements for speicifiers

Answer 13

1-Limited Prosocial emotions
2-Age onset

Question 14

Limited Prosocial emotions

Answer 14

Lack of remorse or guilt
callous lack of empathy
unconcerned about performances
shallow or deficient effect

Question 15

Age onset

Answer 15

childhood onset
1+symtomps <10 years
Adolescent onset:
0 symtopms < 10 years

Question 16

Diversification

Answer 16

Disorders continue adding up on each other rather than replacing one another.

Question 17

ASPD-CD-ODD hierarchy

Answer 17

-Half of the kids who were diagnosed with ODD continue to develop conduct disorder.

Question 18

How does prenatal substance use cause ASPD?

Answer 18

Brain development (frontal lobe) will be effected and it will cause ASB, risk-taking behavior.

Question 19

Heritability of CD?

Answer 19

60% of it comes from the genes.

Question 20

Gene-environemnt parenting ( ODD&CS chapter graph)

Answer 20

-Children with high genetic vulnerability combined with negative parenting have the highest chance to develop antisocial behavior.

-With positive parenting children with low and high genetic vulnerability have similar chances to develop antisocial behavior.

Question 21

Parent child interaction loop

Answer 21

disobedient-harsh/coercive parenting style- defiant/coercive behavior- withdrawal give up

Question 22

How to measure peer rejection in elementary school?

Answer 22

Peer nominations
-Who do you like the most
-Who do you like the least

Question 23

Path for kids with behavioral problem

Answer 23

1-Initial behavioral problem
2-Chronic peer rejection (no/few friends, victim of bullying)
3-Chronic behavioral problems

Question 24

Social information processing

Answer 24

-A kid who grew up with negative parenting style will attribute to information negatively vice versa.

Question 25

Hostile Attribution Bias

Answer 25

Attributing the information negatively

Question 26

Peer rejection and deviant friends

Answer 26

-Peers who are rejected become friends with deviant friends (people who are also rejected) and reinforce each other’s behavior.

-This will cause more antisocial behavior.

Question 27

Adolescent brain why we obey to deviant friends?

Answer 27

-Limbic reward area: involved in arousal, motivation, emotion
-Prefrontal cortex: regulation, inhibition.

During adolescents the gap tend to increase. Prefrontal cortex struggles to shut down the limbic system and therefore we display more antisocial behaviors around or deviant peers.

Question 28

Intellectual ability-Psychosocial maturity

Answer 28

During adolescents intellectual ability is higher than psychosocial maturity