THEME 4: ODD&CD Flashcards
Which age group is the most aggressive (physical aggression)
Toddlers are the most aggressive age-group because they have limited linguistic abilities so they express physical aggression.
Antisocial behavior scale: A typology Frick’s dimension
Destructive-Non-destructive:
Covert-overt:
-property violations
-physical aggression
-oppositional behavior
-status violations
Longitudinal study about Frick’s dimensions
1-Males exhibit more behavioral problems than females
2-Oppositional behavioral problems have the highest prevalence.
3-except the status violations they all tend to decrease over age
4- status violence increases over teenage years and decreases when getting older.
Delinquency and its affects during developmental
- Delinquency increases during teenage years and then it decreases but 10% of the people are tend to violate status during life-course.
-Individuals who are more involved in physical fight around the age of 13-15 show worse educational outcomes.
-name calling and ostracism are more common bullying ways than physical agression.
Social agression -female
Difference between female and male in regards to social aggression is insignificant however because men are more involved in physical,cal aggression society associates social aggression with women.
ODD&CD General info:
Impaired self-control, emotions and behavior.
-Violates the rights of others
- significant conflict with authority figures
-
ODD diagnosis requirement
- irritable mood, argumentative/defiant disorder, vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months; four or more symptoms from DSM-5 list (except the sibling relationships)
ODD DSM-5:
- Angry/Irritable mood: (↑ internalizing)
-Often loses temper
-easily annoyed
-angry and resentful
-Argumentative/Defiant Disorder:(↑ externalizing)
-often argues with authority figures
-defies or refuses to comply with requests from authority figures
-blames others for her or others misbehavior
-Vindictiveness:
-spiteful or vindictive at least twice -within the past 6 months.
ODD prevalence
1%-11% in the general population
(Clinical population): 28-65%
Conduct diagnosis requirement
Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the rights of other or age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated as manifested by at least three of DSM-5
Conduct disorder DSM-5
Aggression to people and animals:
Destruction of property:
Deceitfulness and theft:
Serious violations of rules:(runaway from home):
Conduct disorder prevalence
2-10% of the population
Clinical population: 16-34%
CD 2 requirements for speicifiers
1-Limited Prosocial emotions
2-Age onset
Limited Prosocial emotions
Lack of remorse or guilt
callous lack of empathy
unconcerned about performances
shallow or deficient effect
Age onset
childhood onset
1+symtomps <10 years
Adolescent onset:
0 symtopms < 10 years
Diversification
Disorders continue adding up on each other rather than replacing one another.
ASPD-CD-ODD hierarchy
-Half of the kids who were diagnosed with ODD continue to develop conduct disorder.
How does prenatal substance use cause ASPD?
Brain development (frontal lobe) will be effected and it will cause ASB, risk-taking behavior.
Heritability of CD?
60% of it comes from the genes.
Gene-environemnt parenting ( ODD&CS chapter graph)
-Children with high genetic vulnerability combined with negative parenting have the highest chance to develop antisocial behavior.
-With positive parenting children with low and high genetic vulnerability have similar chances to develop antisocial behavior.
Parent child interaction loop
disobedient-harsh/coercive parenting style- defiant/coercive behavior- withdrawal give up
How to measure peer rejection in elementary school?
Peer nominations
-Who do you like the most
-Who do you like the least
Path for kids with behavioral problem
1-Initial behavioral problem
2-Chronic peer rejection (no/few friends, victim of bullying)
3-Chronic behavioral problems
Social information processing
-A kid who grew up with negative parenting style will attribute to information negatively vice versa.
Hostile Attribution Bias
Attributing the information negatively
Peer rejection and deviant friends
-Peers who are rejected become friends with deviant friends (people who are also rejected) and reinforce each other’s behavior.
-This will cause more antisocial behavior.
Adolescent brain why we obey to deviant friends?
-Limbic reward area: involved in arousal, motivation, emotion
-Prefrontal cortex: regulation, inhibition.
During adolescents the gap tend to increase. Prefrontal cortex struggles to shut down the limbic system and therefore we display more antisocial behaviors around or deviant peers.
Intellectual ability-Psychosocial maturity
During adolescents intellectual ability is higher than psychosocial maturity
