Theme 2 - Stalin: Abandonment of the NEP; The planned economy & collectivisation Flashcards
1
Q
When did Stalin end the NEP?
A
- “The great turn”
- 15th Party Congress
- December 1927
2
Q
When was the begginning of the first 5 year plan
A
- December 1927 or October 1928 depending on source
3
Q
What was Stalin’s motive behind collectivisation?
A
- Hoped collectivisation would increase efficiency in farming
- Wanted to end reliance on peasantry
4
Q
What was the outcome of Collectivisation
A
- Resulted in signifiant famine in many rural areas
- Marked emergence of Kirov as a rival
5
Q
What was Stalin’s policy of dekulakisation
A
- Removal of a whole class of prospersous peasant (Kulak)
- Followed Lenin’s view of Kulak’s as “Bloodsuckers”
- Red army & Checka were used to indentify, execute or exile Kulaks
6
Q
What was the definition of a Kulak
A
- Someone who had 2 horses and 4 cows
- However was often used arbitarily
7
Q
Collectivisation vs Socialist - Marxist principles
A
- Followed: Planned by party and government in the name of the people
- BUT: use of repressive measures to achive contradicted socialist-marxist principles
8
Q
How successfull was stalin in achiving collevtivistion
A
- Very
- 100% by 1941 vs 2% in 1928
9
Q
What was Lenin’s policy of collectivisation
A
- Purely voluntary
- Only 2% by 1928
10
Q
Pro’s of the 1st 5 year plan
A
- Electricity trebeled
- Coal and Iron doubled
- Development of engineering works
11
Q
Cons of the 1st 5yr plan
A
- Very little growth in consumer goods
- Small workshops squeezed out
- Workers constantly changing jobs
12
Q
Overview of 1st 5yr plan
A
- Economic success but did little to improve the lives of the urban working class
13
Q
Dates of the 2nd 5yr plan
A
January 1933 to Dec 1937
14
Q
Pro’s of the 2nd 5yr plan
A
- By 1937 USSR self sufficient in machinary
- Transport and communications grew rapidly
- Chemical industry growth
15
Q
When did the Moscow metro open
A
- 1935
- Demonstration of success of 2nd 5 yr plan
