Theme 2 - Agricultural Reform under Khrushchev Flashcards

1
Q

When was the launch of the Virigin Lands Inititative

A
  • Early 1954
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2
Q

What was the Virgin Lands initative

A
  • Plan to cultivate Virigin Lands
  • Mainly in western siberia and northen Kazakstan
  • Used Komosomol to help build new settlements
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3
Q

Key figure for early success of Virgin Lands intitative

A
  • 1956
  • 36 Million hectares of Virgin lands had been ploughed for wheat
  • Area the size of Canda
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4
Q

What were Khrushchev’s reforms to the MTS and when?

A
  • 1958
  • Abolished Mechanised Tractor Station
  • Farms could now only access Mechanisation if they bought it outright
  • Lack of Mechanics meant many fell into disrepair
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5
Q

Khrushchev’s reforms to private plots

A
  • 1958
  • Restricted Size of plots
  • Pushed for private cows to be sold to the Kholhost
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6
Q

Khrushchev visit to USA

A
  • 1959
  • Visited USA
  • Following this pushed for the implementation of Maize as a crop
  • “Maize Mania”
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7
Q

Flaw with Maize mania

A
  • Only 1/6 ripened
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8
Q

What did Khrushchev say in the USA and why did it prove to be embarrasing?

A
  • 1959
  • “We’ll work even better than you do”
  • Needed to import grain in 1963 to avoid famine
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9
Q

What happened in regards to food later in Khrushchev’s rule

A
  • 1963
  • Grain output dropped by 30%
  • Due to poor planning and droughts
  • Forced to empty foreign currency reserves to buy from USA to avoid famine
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10
Q

Compare Virgin Lands with War Communism and Collectivisation

A
  • All centralised policies
  • Under WC grain was siezed and under VL farmers were pushed to surrender cows to state
  • VL & Collectivisation both aimed to increase grain output
  • Under WC & Collectivisation grain failures lead to famine, under VL famine was supressed by imports of US grain
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11
Q

Khrushchev Economic

A
  • 1957
  • USSR split into 105 economic regions
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