Theme 1: Blood

Question 1

What is blood?

Answer 1

“Blood is a viscous substance that provides oxygen and nutrient to all living cells, tissues, organs as well as eliminating waste products”

Question 2

How many litres of blood does the average adult have?

Answer 2

Male - 5-6
Female - 4-5

Question 3

What other things does blood help with?

Answer 3

• maintence of body temperature
• maintence of blood ph
• protection against infection
• transportation of enzymes and hormones

Question 4

What makes up blood?

Answer 4

Plasma (55%)
White blood cells and platelets (>1%)
Red blood cells (45%)

Question 5

What is plasma made up of?

Answer 5

90% water and 10% solutes
[inorganic salts, sodium, potassium and calcium]
[Uplasma protiens - albumin, globin and fibroinogen] [organic substances - glucose, amino acids and fats.

Question 6

What are red blood cells?

Answer 6

“Erythrocytes” have concave disc shapes
Shaped like that to squeeze through small capillaries
- carry haemoglobin in which carry oxygen
- do not have a nucleolus when mature

Question 7

What is the life cycle of a red blood cell?

Answer 7

1. Ethyropoiesis - red blood cells form in red bone marrow
2. Circulations for 120 days
3. Phagocytosis in liver/ spleen where damaged red blood cells are detected for destruction {produces globin)
4. Heme components of blood of blood recycled
   Heme —> fe3+ ——————-> ferritin
   |
   Bilirubin
   |
   Biliverdin
   |
   BILE
5. Fe3+ transported by ferris to red bone marrow

Question 8

What are platelets?

Answer 8

Also called thrombocytes, there primary role is to form plugs that help repair damaged tissue or blood vessels by blood clotting coagulation