The Working memory Flashcards
Who proposed the WMM?
Baddeley and Hitch (1974)
Working memory model
Consists of seperate stores for processing acoustic and visual information, whch re controlled by a centeral executive (CE)
Function of central executive
Is to direct the brain’s resources to one of the three slave systems.
Phonological loop (PL)
Deals with: auditory information and the order of information.
Divded into :
phonological store - holds the words hear
the articulatory process - allows maintenance rehearsal of aucostic info.
Visuo-spatial sketchpack
used for planning?
temporary
Contains what?
IS = Arrangments
Used for the planning of spatial tasks and the temporary storage of visual and/or spatial information.
Contains:
Visual cache = stores information about visual items
Inner scribe = stores arrangments of objects in the visual field.
Who added the episodic buffer?
Baddeley (2000)
Episodic buffer
Generates info from where?
A general store for both visual and acoustic information. Generates information from the central executive, phonological loop and the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
- Also sends info to LTM
AO3
One strenth of the WMM comes from dual task studies
Hitch and Baddeley (1976
E: Hitch and Baddeley (1976) found that p’s were slower in dual task study that involved both the central executive and the atriculatory loop, in comparison to a task which required just the atriculatory loop.
E: This demonstrates that dual task performance effect and shows that the centeral executive is seperate from the atriculatory loop.
L: This suports the idea of multiple components in STM and thr idea of the WMM
Another strength is that the WMM comes from case studies
Shallice and warrington (1970)
E: Shallice and warrington (1970) studiies a man called KF whose ST forgetting of auditory info was uch greater than his forgetting of visual info
E: Therefore, his brain damage appeared to be restricting his phonological loop and not his visuo-spatial sketchpad.
L: This supports the idea of a seperate component for the auditory loop
A final strength of the WMM comes from evidence for the phonological loop and atriculatory process
E: The PL explainas why the world-length effect occurs. People are able to remember short words better than long words bc the PL holds info for appox 2s and longer words do not fit in the PL
E: Furthermore, the word-lenth effect diasppears if a person is given an articulatory suppression task, as p’sareunable to rehearse info
L: These findings support the idea of the phonological loop and atriculatory process in the WWM
A weakness of the WMM comes from evidence using brain-damaged paitents
E: Some of the key evidence for the WMM comes from the case studies of individuals with serious brain damage e.g KF
E: There are several problems with using such evidence, for example, individuals have difficulties in paying attention and therefore unperform tasks.
L: This matters because the results of a single case study are difficult, if not impossible, to replicate and difficult to generalise to general population
A weakness if WMM is the central executive.
Shallice and Warrington (1970)
E: Shallice and Warrington (1970) studies a man called KF whose ST forgetting of auditory info was much greater than his forgetting of visual info.
E: Therefore, his brain damage appeared to be restricting his phonological loop and not his visuo-sketchpad.
L: This supports the idea of a seperarw component for auditory and visual info, as suggests by the WMM
What AO3 (STRENGTHS) are you using for WMM?
- One strenth of the WMM comes from dual task studies
- Another strength is that the WMM comes from case studies
What AO3 are you using for weaknesses of WMM?
A weakness of the WMM comes from evidence using brain-damaged paitents
A weakness if WMM is the central executive.
